Tuff and Jaspillite
Definition
Definition
Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption
Jaspillite is an iron rich chemically formed rock which is common in banded iron formation rocks
History
Origin
Italy
Western Australia, Minnesota
Discoverer
Unknown
Unknown
Etymology
From a Latin word tophous then in Italian tufo and finally tuff
From Jaspilite (Mineral), a compact siliceous rock which resembles jasper
Class
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Family
Group
Volcanic
Not Applicable
Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Texture
Texture
Clastic, Pyroclastic
Banded, Trellis
Color
Brown, Grey, Yellow
Red, Reddish Brown
Maintenance
More
Less
Durability
Durable
Durable
Water Resistant
Yes
No
Scratch Resistant
Yes
No
Stain Resistant
No
No
Wind Resistant
No
No
Acid Resistant
No
No
Appearance
Dull, Vesicular and Foilated
Banded and Glassy
Uses
Architecture
Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration
Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
Curbing
Industry
Construction Industry
Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate
As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments
Other Uses
Commercial Uses
Creating Artwork
Creating Artwork, Jewelry
Types
Types
Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite.
Algoma-type , Lake Superior-type and Superior-type
Features
Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust
Is one of the oldest rock
Archaeological Significance
Monuments
Used
Used
Famous Monuments
Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean
Data Not Available
Sculpture
Used
Not Yet Used
Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
Not Applicable
Pictographs
Used
Used
Petroglyphs
Used
Used
Figurines
Used
Not Yet Used
Fossils
Absent
Present
Formation
Formation
Tuff is formed when large masses of ash and sand which are mixed with hot gases are ejected by a volcano and avalanche rapidly down its slopes.
Jaspillite is a type of sedimentary rock which is formed by the compaction and sedimentation of pieces of broken or weathered rocks and minerals.
Composition
Mineral Content
Calcite, Chlorite
Coesite, Quartz, Sand
Compound Content
Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide
Fe, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide
Transformation
Metamorphism
Yes
No
Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Not Applicable
Weathering
Yes
Yes
Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering
Erosion
Yes
Yes
Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion
Properties
Physical Properties
Hardness
4-6
3
Grain Size
Fine Grained
Large and Coarse Grained
Fracture
Uneven
Conchoidal
Streak
White
White
Porosity
Highly Porous
Very Less Porous
Luster
Vitreous to Dull
Earthy
Compressive Strength
243.80 N/mm2
5
230.00 N/mm2
6
Cleavage
Not Available
Imperfect
Toughness
Not Available
Not Available
Specific Gravity
2.73
5.0-5.3
Transparency
Opaque
Translucent to Opaque
Density
1-1.8 g/cm3
0-5.7 g/cm3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat Capacity
0.20 kJ/Kg K
25
3.20 kJ/Kg K
1
Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant
Reserves
Deposits in Eastern Continents
Asia
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
Russia
Africa
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda
Not Yet Found
Europe
France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom
Ukraine
Others
Antarctica, Hawaii Islands
Not Yet Found
Deposits in Western Continents
North America
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
Canada, USA
South America
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay
Brazil
Deposits in Oceania Continent
Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia
Western Australia
All about Tuff and Jaspillite Properties
Know all about Tuff and Jaspillite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tuff belongs to Igneous Rocks while Jaspillite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Tuff is Clastic, Pyroclastic whereas that of Jaspillite is Banded, Trellis. Tuff appears Dull, Vesicular and Foilated and Jaspillite appears Banded and Glassy. The luster of Tuff is vitreous to dull while that of Jaspillite is earthy. Tuff is available in brown, grey, yellow colors whereas Jaspillite is available in red, reddish brown colors. The commercial uses of Tuff are creating artwork and that of Jaspillite are creating artwork, jewelry.
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