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Tephrite
Tephrite

Novaculite
Novaculite



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Tephrite
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Tephrite vs Novaculite

Definition

Definition

Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock
Novaculite is a dense, hard, fine-grained, siliceous metamorpic rock which is a type of chert that breaks with conchoidal fracture

History

Origin

Germany
-

Discoverer

Van Tooren
Unknown

Etymology

From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn
From Latin word novacula, for razor stone

Class

Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic
-

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic
Banded, Glassy, Rough, Vitreous

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Vesicular
Glassy or Pearly

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Landscaping
Arrowheads, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, for Road Aggregate, Knives, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Production of Glass and Ceramics, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone, Spear Points, Used to sharpen metal tools and weapons

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture
Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner
Cemetery Markers, Gemstone, In aquifers, In fire-starting tools, Jewelry, Manufacture of tools, Pebbles are used in ball mills to grind in ceramics industry, To determine the gold content of jewelry

Types

Types

Igneous rock
Sedimentary rock

Features

Host Rock for Lead
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Present

Formation

Formation

Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
Novaculite forms when microcrystals of silicon dioxide grow within soft sediments that become limestone or chalk. The formation of Novaculite can be either of chemical or biological origin.

Composition

Mineral Content

Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene
Quartz, Silicon

Compound Content

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide
Ca, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
-

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
-

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.57
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven
Conchoidal

Streak

Bluish Black
-

Porosity

Very Less Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull
Waxy and Dull

Compressive Strength

90.00 N/mm2450.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Crenulation and Pervasive
-

Toughness

2.4
1.5

Specific Gravity

2.862.5-2.7
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Translucent to Opaque

Density

2.8-2.9 g/cm32.7 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.74 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

-
China, India, Iran, Japan, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam

Africa

Namibia, Uganda
Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain
Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom

Others

-
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA
Canada, Mexico, USA

South America

-
Bolivia, Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Tephrite vs Novaculite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Tephrite and Novaculite Reserves. Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock. Novaculite is a dense, hard, fine-grained, siliceous metamorpic rock which is a type of chert that breaks with conchoidal fracture. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Tephrite vs Novaculite information and Tephrite vs Novaculite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Tephrite vs Novaculite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Tephrite vs Novaculite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Tephrite and Properties of Novaculite. Learn more about Tephrite vs Novaculite in the next section. The interior uses of Tephrite include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Novaculite include Countertops, Decorative aggregates, Flooring and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Tephrite and Novaculite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Tephrite in construction industry include Landscaping and that of Novaculite include Arrowheads, Building houses or walls, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, Cutting tool, For road aggregate, Knives, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Production of glass and ceramics, Rail track ballast, Roadstone, Spear points, Used to sharpen metal tools and weapons.

More about Tephrite and Novaculite

Here you can know more about Tephrite and Novaculite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Tephrite and Novaculite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Tephrite includes Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene and mineral content of Novaculite includes Quartz, Silicon. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Tephrite vs Novaculite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas, Novaculite is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors. Appearance of Tephrite is Vesicular and that of Novaculite is Glassy or Pearly. Properties of rock is another aspect for Tephrite vs Novaculite. The hardness of Tephrite is 6.5 and that of Novaculite is 7. The types of Tephrite are Igneous rock whereas types of Novaculite are Sedimentary rock. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Tephrite is bluish black while that of Novaculite is . The specific heat capacity of Tephrite is 0.92 kJ/Kg K and that of Novaculite is 0.74 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Tephrite is heat resistant, impact resistant whereas Novaculite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.