Tephrite

Scoria

Tephrite and Scoria

Tephrite

Scoria

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Definition

Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock

Scoria is a dark-colored extrusive igneous rock with abundant round bubble-like cavities

History

Origin

Germany

Discoverer

Van Tooren

Unknown

Etymology

From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn

From late Middle English (denoting slag from molten metal), from Greek skōria refuse, from skōr dung

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Vesicular

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Black, Brown, Dark Grey to Black, Red

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Vesicular

Glassy and Vesicular

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Landscaping

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, In landscaping and drainage works

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner

As a traction material on snow-covered roads, Creating Artwork, High-temperature insulation, In gas barbecue grills

Types

Igneous rock

Basaltic Scoria and Andesitic Scoria

Features

Host Rock for Lead

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Surfaces are often shiny

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Scoria forms when magma containing huge amount of dissolved gas flows from a volcano during an eruption.

Composition

Mineral Content

Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silica

Compound Content

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Ca, NaCl

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.55-6

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Conchoidal

Streak

Bluish Black

White

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

90.00 N/mm²70.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Crenulation and Pervasive

Perfect

Toughness

2.4

2.1

Specific Gravity

2.86-9999

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.8-2.9 g/cm³-9999 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia

Africa

Namibia, Uganda

Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania

Europe

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain

Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA

South America

Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Tephrite and Scoria Properties

Know all about Tephrite and Scoria properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tephrite and Scoria belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Scoria is Vesicular. Tephrite appears Vesicular and Scoria appears Glassy and Vesicular. The luster of Tephrite and Scoria is subvitreous to dull. Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas Scoria is available in black, brown, dark grey to black, red colors. The commercial uses of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner and that of Scoria are as a traction material on snow-covered roads, creating artwork, high-temperature insulation, in gas barbecue grills.