Tephrite

Nephelinite

Tephrite and Nephelinite

Tephrite

Nephelinite

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Definition

Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock

Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).

History

Origin

Germany

Brazil

Discoverer

Van Tooren

Unknown

Etymology

From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn

from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Plutonic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Aphanitic

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Vesicular

Skeletal

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Landscaping

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Types

Igneous rock

Peralkaline Nephelinite

Features

Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase

Compound Content

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.56.5

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Flat

Streak

Bluish Black

White

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Vitreous to Metallic

Compressive Strength

90.00 N/mm²35.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Crenulation and Pervasive

Toughness

2.4

2.7

Specific Gravity

2.862.4-2.9

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.8-2.9 g/cm³2.5-3 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.88 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Japan

Africa

Namibia, Uganda

Rwanda, Tanzania

Europe

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain

Others

Hawaii Islands

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Canada, USA

South America

Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Tephrite and Nephelinite Properties

Know all about Tephrite and Nephelinite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tephrite and Nephelinite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Nephelinite is Aphanitic. Tephrite appears Vesicular and Nephelinite appears Skeletal. The luster of Tephrite is subvitreous to dull while that of Nephelinite is vitreous to metallic. Tephrite and Nephelinite are available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner and that of Nephelinite are creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo).