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Tephrite
Tephrite

Mugearite
Mugearite



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Tephrite
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Mugearite

Tephrite and Mugearite

Definition

Definition

Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock
Mugearite is a type of oligoclase bearing basalt, also comprising of olivine, apatite, and opaque oxides

History

Origin

Germany
Skye, Scotland

Discoverer

Van Tooren
Alfred Harker

Etymology

From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn
From mugear +‎ -ite

Class

Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic
Volcanic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic
Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Vesicular
Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Landscaping
As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner
Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Igneous rock
Alkaline Basalt, Boninite, High Alumina Basalt, Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB), Tholeiitic Basalt, Basaltic trachyandesite, Mugearite and Shoshonite

Features

Host Rock for Lead
Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Very fine grained rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
Mugearite forms when lava reaches the Earth's surface near an active volcano. The temperature of lava is between 1100 to 1250° C when it gets to the surface.

Composition

Mineral Content

Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene
Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Compound Content

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion
-

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.56
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
-

Fracture

Uneven
Conchoidal

Streak

Bluish Black
White to Grey

Porosity

Very Less Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull
-

Compressive Strength

90.00 N/mm237.50 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Crenulation and Pervasive
-

Toughness

2.4
2.3

Specific Gravity

2.862.8-3
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.8-2.9 g/cm32.9-3.1 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

-
India, Russia

Africa

Namibia, Uganda
South Africa

Europe

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain
Iceland

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA
Canada, USA

South America

-
Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia
-

All about Tephrite and Mugearite Properties

Know all about Tephrite and Mugearite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tephrite and Mugearite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Mugearite is Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular. Tephrite appears Vesicular and Mugearite appears Dull and Soft. The luster of Tephrite is subvitreous to dull while that of Mugearite is . Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas Mugearite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner and that of Mugearite are creating artwork.