Tephrite

Hornblendite

Tephrite and Hornblendite

Tephrite

Hornblendite

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Definition

Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock

Hornblendite is a type of igneous plutonic rock consisting mainly of amphibole hornblende and is a type of Amphibolite rock

History

Origin

Germany

Discoverer

Van Tooren

Unknown

Etymology

From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn

From German, Horn horn + blende

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Plutonic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Banded, Foliated, Massive

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Black, Brown, Green, Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Vesicular

Foliated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Landscaping

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Production of Glass and Ceramics, Roadstone

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture

Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Igneous rock

Hornblende Gabbro and Hornblende Peridotite

Features

Host Rock for Lead

Clasts are smooth to touch, Matrix variable, Surfaces are often shiny

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Hornblendite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Amphibole, Calcite, Hornblade, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Wollastonite

Compound Content

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.56-7

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Medium to Coarse Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Irregular to Conchoidal

Streak

Bluish Black

White to Grey

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Vitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

90.00 N/mm²250.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Crenulation and Pervasive

Toughness

2.4

2.3

Specific Gravity

2.862.5

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.8-2.9 g/cm³2.85-3.07 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Russia, Turkey

Africa

Namibia, Uganda

Burundi, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Rwanda, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda

Europe

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain

Germany, Greece, Iceland, Norway, Poland

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Canada, USA

South America

Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

South Australia, Western Australia

All about Tephrite and Hornblendite Properties

Know all about Tephrite and Hornblendite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tephrite and Hornblendite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Hornblendite is Banded, Foliated, Massive. Tephrite appears Vesicular and Hornblendite appears Foliated. The luster of Tephrite is subvitreous to dull while that of Hornblendite is vitreous to dull. Tephrite and Hornblendite are available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner and that of Hornblendite are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, creating artwork.