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Skarn
Skarn

Icelandite
Icelandite



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Skarn
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Icelandite

Skarn vs Icelandite

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Definition

Definition

Skarns are formed during regional or contact metamorphism and from a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluids of magmatic, metamorphic, and/or marine origin
Icelandite belongs to volcanic igneous rocks which is rich in iron and belongs to andesite rock

History

Origin

USA, Australia
Iceland

Discoverer

Tornebohm
Ian S. E. Carmichael

Etymology

From an old Swedish mining term originally used to describe a type of silicate gangue or waste rock.
From its origin place near Cenozoic volcano near the parsonage Þingmúli in East Iceland

Class

Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

-
Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Earthy, Mud-rich, Rough
Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White
Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Maintenance

Less
More

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull
Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Gold and Silver production, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture
Artifacts, Jewellery, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Metallurgical Flux, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Endoskarns
Intermediate volcanic rock

Features

Host Rock for Lead, Zinc and Copper Deposits
Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Skarn is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.
Icelandite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Garnet, Magnetite, Pyroxene, Titanite
Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon

Compound Content

Au, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Cu, Fe, MgO
Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

-
Biological Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

-
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.57
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
Very fine-grained

Fracture

Irregular
Uneven

Streak

Light to dark brown
White

Porosity

Less Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Waxy and Dull
Vitreous

Compressive Strength

70.00 N/mm2200.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Slaty
-

Toughness

2.4
1.1

Specific Gravity

2.862.5-2.8
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.8-2.9 g/cm32.11-2.36 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K2.39 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sri Lanka
India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

Africa

South Africa, Western Africa
Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

United Kingdom
Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada
Mexico, USA

South America

Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

Skarn vs Icelandite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Skarn and Icelandite Reserves. Skarns are formed during regional or contact metamorphism and from a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluids of magmatic, metamorphic, and/or marine origin. Icelandite belongs to volcanic igneous rocks which is rich in iron and belongs to andesite rock. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Skarn vs Icelandite information and Skarn vs Icelandite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Skarn vs Icelandite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Skarn vs Icelandite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Skarn and Properties of Icelandite. Learn more about Skarn vs Icelandite in the next section. The interior uses of Skarn include Decorative aggregates, Entryways and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Icelandite include Decorative aggregates, Floor tiles, Homes, Interior decoration and Kitchens. Due to some exceptional properties of Skarn and Icelandite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Skarn in construction industry include As a flux in the production of steel and pig iron, As a sintering agent in steel industry to process iron ore, As dimension stone, Gold and silver production, Manufacture of magnesium and dolomite refractories and that of Icelandite include Cobblestones, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate.

More about Skarn and Icelandite

Here you can know more about Skarn and Icelandite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Skarn and Icelandite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Skarn includes Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Garnet, Magnetite, Pyroxene, Titanite and mineral content of Icelandite includes Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Skarn vs Icelandite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Skarn is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas, Icelandite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors. Appearance of Skarn is Dull and that of Icelandite is Dull and Soft. Properties of rock is another aspect for Skarn vs Icelandite. The hardness of Skarn is 6.5 and that of Icelandite is 7. The types of Skarn are Endoskarns whereas types of Icelandite are Intermediate volcanic rock. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Skarn is light to dark brown while that of Icelandite is white. The specific heat capacity of Skarn is 0.92 kJ/Kg K and that of Icelandite is 2.39 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Skarn is heat resistant whereas Icelandite is heat resistant, pressure resistant, scratch resistant, wear resistant.