Definition
Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock which is formed by the compaction of silt and clay-size mineral particles
  
Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster
  
History
  
  
Origin
Unknown
  
Pennsylvania, U.S.
  
Discoverer
Unknown
  
Unknown
  
Etymology
From German Schalstein laminated limestone, and Schalgebirge layer of stone in stratified rock. From Old English scealu in its base sense of- thing that divides or separate,
  
From Greek anthrakites, from anthrax, anthrak meaning coal
  
Class
Sedimentary Rocks
  
Metamorphic Rocks
  
Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
  
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
  
Family
  
  
Group
Not Applicable
  
Not Applicable
  
Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
  
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
  
Texture
Clastic, Splintery
  
Amorphous, Glassy
  
Color
Black, Brown, Buff, Green, Grey, Red, Yellow
  
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey
  
Maintenance
More
  
Less
  
Durability
Durable
  
Durable
  
Water Resistant
No
  
No
  
Scratch Resistant
No
  
No
  
Stain Resistant
No
  
No
  
Wind Resistant
No
  
No
  
Acid Resistant
No
  
No
  
Appearance
Muddy
  
Veined or Pebbled
  
Architecture
  
  
Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
  
Not Yet Used
  
Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Office Buildings
  
Not Yet Used
  
Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
  
Not Yet Used
  
Industry
  
  
Construction Industry
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar
  
Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production
  
Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
  
In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Manufacture of Aspirins
  
Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Sculpture
  
Not Yet Used
  
Other Uses
  
  
Commercial Uses
Creating Artwork, Pottery
  
Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry
  
Types
Red Shale, Black Shale, Green Shale, Grey Shale and Yellow Shale
  
Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite
  
Features
Easily splits into thin plates, Generally rough to touch, Very fine grained rock
  
Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel
  
Archaeological Significance
  
  
Monuments
Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Famous Monuments
Jantar Mantar in India
  
Not Applicable
  
Sculpture
Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
  
Not Applicable
  
Pictographs
Used
  
Used
  
Petroglyphs
Used
  
Used
  
Figurines
Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Fossils
Present
  
Absent
  
Formation
Shale forms when very fine-grained clay particles are deposited in water which settle at the bottom of water bodies. They are later compacted hence forming shale.
  
Anthracite forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp, the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay.
  
Composition
  
  
Mineral Content
Albite, Biotite, Calcite, Chert, Chlorite, Dolomite, Hematite, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Silica, Sulfides
  
Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals
  
Compound Content
Ca, Fe, Mg, Silicon Dioxide, Sodium
  
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur
  
Transformation
  
  
Metamorphism
No
  
Yes
  
Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable
  
Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
  
Weathering
Yes
  
No
  
Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
  
Not Applicable
  
Erosion
Yes
  
No
  
Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion
  
Not Applicable
  
Physical Properties
  
  
Hardness
3
  
1-1.5
  
Grain Size
Very fine-grained
  
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
  
Fracture
Not Available
  
Conchoidal
  
Streak
White
  
Black
  
Porosity
Highly Porous
  
Less Porous
  
Luster
Dull
  
Shiny
  
Compressive Strength
95.00 N/mm
2
  
20
Not Available
  
Cleavage
Slaty
  
Non-Existent
  
Toughness
2.6
  
Not Available
  
Specific Gravity
2.2-2.8
  
1.1-1.4
  
Transparency
Opaque
  
Opaque
  
Density
2.4-2.8 g/cm3
  
1.25-2.5 g/cm3
  
Thermal Properties
  
  
Specific Heat Capacity
0.39 kJ/Kg K
  
23
1.32 kJ/Kg K
  
4
Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
  
Heat Resistant, Water Resistant
  
Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  
Asia
Bangladesh, China, India, Russia
  
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
  
Africa
Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania
  
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
  
Europe
Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland
  
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom
  
Others
Not Yet Found
  
Not Yet Found
  
Deposits in Western Continents
  
  
North America
USA
  
Canada, Mexico, USA
  
South America
Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
  
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
  
Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  
Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia
  
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria
  
Shale vs Anthracite Characteristics
Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Shale vs Anthracite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Shale and Properties of Anthracite. Learn more about Shale vs Anthracite in the next section. The interior uses of Shale include Decorative aggregates, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Anthracite include Not yet used. Due to some exceptional properties of Shale and Anthracite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Shale in construction industry include Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar and that of Anthracite include Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel production.
More about Shale and Anthracite
Here you can know more about Shale and Anthracite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Shale and Anthracite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Shale includes Albite, Biotite, Calcite, Chert, Chlorite, Dolomite, Hematite, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Silica, Sulfides and mineral content of Anthracite includes Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Shale vs Anthracite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Shale is available in black, brown, buff, green, grey, red, yellow colors whereas, Anthracite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. Appearance of Shale is Muddy and that of Anthracite is Veined or Pebbled. Properties of rock is another aspect for Shale vs Anthracite. The hardness of Shale is 3 and that of Anthracite is 1-1.5. The types of Shale are Red Shale, Black Shale, Green Shale, Grey Shale and Yellow Shale whereas types of Anthracite are Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Shale is white while that of Anthracite is black. The specific heat capacity of Shale is 0.39 kJ/Kg K and that of Anthracite is 1.32 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Shale is heat resistant, impact resistant whereas Anthracite is heat resistant, water resistant.