Serpentinite

Lignite

Serpentinite and Lignite

Serpentinite

Lignite

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Definition

A hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic rock from the Earth's mantle is called as serpentinization, a group of minerals is formed by serpentinization compose rock 'serpentinite'.

Lignite is a soft brownish coal which shows traces of plants and is intermediate between bituminous coal and peat

History

Origin

USA

France

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From English word serpentinization.

From French, Latin lignum wood + -ite1

Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Earthy

Amorphous, Glassy

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Rough and Dull

Veined or Pebbled

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

for Road Aggregate, Steel Production

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Electricity Generation

Types

Jadeitite

Xyloid Lignite or Fossil Wood and Compact Lignite or Perfect Lignite

Features

Host Rock for Lead

Generally rough to touch, Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Present

Formation

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Serpentinite is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Coal formation takes place due to accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. The Coal formation process continues, as peat turns into lignite brown or black coal at increasing heat and pressure.

Composition

Mineral Content

Carbonate, Magnetite, Pyrrhotite, Serpentine, Sulfides

Compound Content

Ca, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, KCl, MgO, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulphur

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

3-51

1 7

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Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Conchoidal

Streak

White, Greenish White or Grey

Black

Porosity

Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Waxy and Dull

Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic

Compressive Strength

310.00 N/mm²-

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

Specific Gravity

2.79-31.1-1.4

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.5-3 g/cm³800-801 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.95 kJ/Kg K1.26 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam

Africa

Ethiopia, Western Africa

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

England, Georgia, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada

Canada, Mexico, USA

South America

Colombia

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

All about Serpentinite and Lignite Properties

Know all about Serpentinite and Lignite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Serpentinite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Lignite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Serpentinite is Earthy whereas that of Lignite is Amorphous, Glassy. Serpentinite appears Rough and Dull and Lignite appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Serpentinite is waxy and dull while that of Lignite is dull to vitreous to submetallic. Serpentinite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas Lignite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Serpentinite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Lignite are electricity generation.