Scoria

Nephelinite

Scoria vs Nephelinite

Scoria

Nephelinite

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Definition

Scoria is a dark-colored extrusive igneous rock with abundant round bubble-like cavities

Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).

History

Origin

Brazil

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From late Middle English (denoting slag from molten metal), from Greek skōria refuse, from skōr dung

from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Plutonic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Vesicular

Aphanitic

Color

Black, Brown, Dark Grey to Black, Red

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Glassy and Vesicular

Skeletal

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, In landscaping and drainage works

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

As a traction material on snow-covered roads, Creating Artwork, High-temperature insulation, In gas barbecue grills

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Types

Basaltic Scoria and Andesitic Scoria

Peralkaline Nephelinite

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Surfaces are often shiny

Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Scoria forms when magma containing huge amount of dissolved gas flows from a volcano during an eruption.

Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silica

Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase

Compound Content

Ca, NaCl

Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5-66.5

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Flat

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Vitreous to Metallic

Compressive Strength

70.00 N/mm²35.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

2.1

2.7

Specific Gravity

-99992.4-2.9

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm³2.5-3 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.88 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia

Japan

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania

Rwanda, Tanzania

Europe

Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey

Others

Hawaii Islands

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA

Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru

Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

Scoria vs Nephelinite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Scoria and Nephelinite Reserves. Scoria is a dark-colored extrusive igneous rock with abundant round bubble-like cavities. Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Scoria vs Nephelinite information and Scoria vs Nephelinite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

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Scoria vs Nephelinite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Scoria vs Nephelinite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Scoria and Properties of Nephelinite. Learn more about Scoria vs Nephelinite in the next section. The interior uses of Scoria include Decorative aggregates and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Nephelinite include Decorative aggregates, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Scoria and Nephelinite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Scoria in construction industry include Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, In landscaping and drainage works and that of Nephelinite include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate.

More about Scoria and Nephelinite

Here you can know more about Scoria and Nephelinite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Scoria and Nephelinite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Scoria includes Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silica and mineral content of Nephelinite includes Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Scoria vs Nephelinite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Scoria is available in black, brown, dark grey to black, red colors whereas, Nephelinite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. Appearance of Scoria is Glassy and Vesicular and that of Nephelinite is Skeletal. Properties of rock is another aspect for Scoria vs Nephelinite. The hardness of Scoria is 5-6 and that of Nephelinite is 6.5. The types of Scoria are Basaltic Scoria and Andesitic Scoria whereas types of Nephelinite are Peralkaline Nephelinite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Scoria and Nephelinite is white. The specific heat capacity of Scoria is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Nephelinite is 0.88 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Scoria is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Nephelinite is heat resistant.