Scoria

Mudstone

Scoria and Mudstone

Scoria

Mudstone

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Definition

Scoria is a dark-colored extrusive igneous rock with abundant round bubble-like cavities

Mudstone is a fine-grained, dark gray sedimentary rock, which is formed from silt and clay and is similar to shale but has less laminations

History

Origin

Discoverer

Unknown

William Smith

Etymology

From late Middle English (denoting slag from molten metal), from Greek skōria refuse, from skōr dung

From the English mud and stone, from low German mudde and stainaz

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Vesicular

Clastic

Color

Black, Brown, Dark Grey to Black, Red

Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Grey, Orange, Red, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Glassy and Vesicular

Rough and Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Roof Tiles

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, In landscaping and drainage works

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

As a traction material on snow-covered roads, Creating Artwork, High-temperature insulation, In gas barbecue grills

Creating Artwork, Pottery

Types

Basaltic Scoria and Andesitic Scoria

Marl, Shale and Argillite

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Surfaces are often shiny

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Present

Formation

Scoria forms when magma containing huge amount of dissolved gas flows from a volcano during an eruption.

Mudstone forms when very fine-grained clay particles are deposited in water which settle at the bottom of water bodies. They are buried and compacted by overlying sediment hence forming mudstone.

Composition

Mineral Content

Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silica

Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyrite, Quartz

Compound Content

Ca, NaCl

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5-62-3

1 7

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Grain Size

Fine Grained

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Dull

Compressive Strength

70.00 N/mm²25.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

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Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

2.1

2.6

Specific Gravity

-99992.2-2.8

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm³2.4-2.8 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.39 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia

Bangladesh, China, India, Russia

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania

Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey

Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA

USA

South America

Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru

Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

All about Scoria and Mudstone Properties

Know all about Scoria and Mudstone properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Scoria belongs to Igneous Rocks while Mudstone belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Scoria is Vesicular whereas that of Mudstone is Clastic. Scoria appears Glassy and Vesicular and Mudstone appears Rough and Dull. The luster of Scoria is subvitreous to dull while that of Mudstone is dull. Scoria is available in black, brown, dark grey to black, red colors whereas Mudstone is available in black, blue, brown, green, grey, orange, red, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Scoria are as a traction material on snow-covered roads, creating artwork, high-temperature insulation, in gas barbecue grills and that of Mudstone are creating artwork, pottery.