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Phonolite and Argillite


Argillite and Phonolite


Definition

Definition
Phonolite is an uncommon extrusive igneous rock volcanic rock of intermediate chemical composition between felsic and mafic  
Argillites are highly compact sedimentary or slightly metamorphosed rocks that consist largely or wholly of particles of clay or silt but lack the fissility of shale or the cleavage characteristic of slate  

History
  
  

Origin
-  
-  

Discoverer
Unknown  
Unknown  

Etymology
From the Greek meaning sounding stone because of the metallic sound it produces if an unfractured plate is hit  
From Latin Argilla (clay) and -ite in English which became agrilla+ -ite = Argillite  

Class
Igneous Rocks  
Sedimentary Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock  
Durable Rock, Soft Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
-  
-  

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Granular  
Clastic, Polished  

Color
Brown, Buff, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, White  
Dark Grey to Black, Pink, Red, White  

Maintenance
Less  
Less  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
No  

Scratch Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Wind Resistant
No  
Yes  

Acid Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Appearance
Banded and Foilated  
Rough and Dull  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes  
Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone  
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing  
Curbing, Whetstones  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories, Production of Glass and Ceramics  
Used for flooring, stair treads, borders and window sills.  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture  
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork  
Fire resistant, Used to manufracture paperweights and bookends  

Types

Types
Kenyte  
Metamorphic rock  

Features
Application of acids on the surface causes cloudy frosting, Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Dissolves in hydrochloric acid, Is one of the oldest rock  
Is one of the oldest rock  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Present  

Formation

Formation
Phonolite are formed due to alkaline igneous activities and are generally formed in thick continental crustal areas or in Cordilleran subduction zones.   
An argillite is a fine-grained sedimentary rock mainly composed of clay particles which forms from lithified muds which contain variable amounts of silt-sized particles.  

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Albite, Amphibole, Biotite, Cancrinite, Feldspar, Hornblende, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Sodalite  
Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyrite, Quartz  

Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide  
Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes  
No  

Types of Metamorphism
Contact Metamorphism  
-  

Weathering
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Weathering
Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  
Biological Weathering  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion  
Chemical Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
5.5-6  
2-3  

Grain Size
Fine Grained  
Fine Grained  

Fracture
Conchoidal to Uneven  
Conchoidal to Uneven  

Streak
White  
White to Grey  

Porosity
Less Porous  
Highly Porous  

Luster
Greasy to Dull  
Waxy and Dull  

Compressive Strength
150.00 N/mm2  
22
-  

Cleavage
-  
Slaty  

Toughness
-  
2.6  

Specific Gravity
2.6  
2.56-2.68  

Transparency
Translucent to Opaque  
Opaque  

Density
2.6 g/cm3  
2.54-2.66 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.84 kJ/Kg K  
15
0.87 kJ/Kg K  
14

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Indonesia, Iran, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Vietnam  
Bangladesh, China, India, Russia  

Africa
Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa  
Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania  

Europe
Andorra, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden  
Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland  

Others
Greenland  
-  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, USA  
USA  

South America
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Uruguay, Venezuela  
Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Western Australia  
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia  

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Phonolite and Argillite Properties

Know all about Phonolite and Argillite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Phonolite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Argillite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Phonolite is Granular whereas that of Argillite is Clastic, Polished. Phonolite appears Banded and Foilated and Argillite appears Rough and Dull. The luster of Phonolite is greasy to dull while that of Argillite is waxy and dull. Phonolite is available in brown, buff, cream, green, grey, pink, white colors whereas Argillite is available in dark grey to black, pink, red, white colors. The commercial uses of Phonolite are cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Argillite are fire resistant, used to manufracture paperweights and bookends.

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