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Oil shale and Icelandite


Icelandite and Oil shale


Definition

Definition
Oil Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock from which oil is extracted   
Icelandite belongs to volcanic igneous rocks which is rich in iron and belongs to andesite rock   

History
  
  

Origin
Unknown   
Iceland   

Discoverer
Unknown   
Ian S. E. Carmichael   

Etymology
From Old English scealu in its base sense of thing that divides or separate   
From its origin place near Cenozoic volcano near the parsonage Þingmúli in East Iceland   

Class
Sedimentary Rocks   
Igneous Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Soft Rock   
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Volcanic   

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Splintery   
Aphanitic to Porphyritic   

Color
Black, Brown, Buff, Green, Grey, Red, Yellow   
Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow   

Maintenance
Less   
More   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
No   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
Yes   
No   

Wind Resistant
No   
Yes   

Acid Resistant
No   
No   

Appearance
Muddy   
Dull and Soft   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Not Yet Used   
Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens   

Exterior Uses
Not Yet Used   
Office Buildings, Roof Tiles   

Other Architectural Uses
Not Yet Used   
Curbing   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Serves as an Oil and Gas Reservoir rock   
Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts   
Artifacts, Jewellery, Sculpture, Small Figurines   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
An Oil and Gas Reservoir   
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork   

Types

Types
Carbonate-rich Shale, Siliceous Shale and Cannel Shale   
Not Available   

Features
Easily splits into thin plates, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Very fine grained rock   
Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Famous Monuments
Not Applicable   
Not Applicable   

Sculpture
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Not Used   
Not Used   

Petroglyphs
Not Used   
Not Used   

Figurines
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Fossils
Present   
Absent   

Formation

Formation
Oil Shale forms on the beds of seas and lakes and its formation starts with the organic debris settling and accumulating at the bottom of a lake or sea which are then transformed into rock with the help of high temperature and pressure.   
Icelandite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Albite, Biotite, Calcite, Chert, Chlorite, Dolomite, Hematite, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Silica, Sulfides   
Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon   

Compound Content
Ca, Fe, Mg, Silicon Dioxide, Sodium   
Silicon Dioxide   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
No   
Yes   

Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable   
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   
Biological Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion   
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
2-3   
7   

Grain Size
Very fine-grained   
Very fine-grained   

Fracture
Not Available   
Uneven   

Streak
White   
White   

Porosity
Highly Porous   
Less Porous   

Luster
Dull   
Vitreous   

Cleavage
Slaty   
Not Available   

Toughness
2.6   
1.1   

Specific Gravity
2.2-2.8   
2.5-2.8   

Transparency
Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
2.4-2.8 g/cm3   
2.11-2.36 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.39 kJ/Kg K   
23
2.39 kJ/Kg K   
2

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant   
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Bangladesh, China, India, Israel, Jordan, Russia, Syria, Thailand, Turkey   
India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea   

Africa
Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania   
Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania   

Europe
Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland   
Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom   

Others
Greenland, Not Yet Found   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, USA   
Mexico, USA   

South America
Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela   
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia   
New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Oil shale and Icelandite Properties

Know all about Oil shale and Icelandite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Oil shale belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Icelandite belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Oil shale is Splintery whereas that of Icelandite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic. Oil shale appears Muddy and Icelandite appears Dull and Soft. The luster of Oil shale is dull while that of Icelandite is vitreous. Oil shale is available in black, brown, buff, green, grey, red, yellow colors whereas Icelandite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Oil shale are an oil and gas reservoir and that of Icelandite are cemetery markers, creating artwork.

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