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Lignite and Taconite


Taconite and Lignite


Definition

Definition
Lignite is a soft brownish coal which shows traces of plants and is intermediate between bituminous coal and peat  
Taconite is a low-grade iron ore which belongs to sedimentary rock and containing about 27% iron and 51% silica  

History
  
  

Origin
France  
Western Australia, Minnesota  

Discoverer
Unknown  
Newton Horace Winchell  

Etymology
From French, Latin lignum wood + -ite1  
From the name of Taconic Mountains in New England  

Class
Sedimentary Rocks  
Sedimentary Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Soft Rock  
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
-  
-  

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Amorphous, Glassy  
Banded, Trellis  

Color
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey  
Red, Reddish Brown  

Maintenance
Less  
Less  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
No  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
No  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
No  
No  

Wind Resistant
No  
Yes  

Acid Resistant
No  
No  

Appearance
Veined or Pebbled  
Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
-  
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration  

Exterior Uses
-  
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone  

Other Architectural Uses
-  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
for Road Aggregate, Steel Production  
As Dimension Stone, Used for flooring, stair treads, borders and window sills.  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
-  
Artifacts  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Electricity Generation  
As a touchstone, Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork  

Types

Types
Xyloid Lignite or Fossil Wood and Compact Lignite or Perfect Lignite  
Iron formation  

Features
Generally rough to touch, Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel  
Is one of the oldest rock  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Present  
Present  

Formation

Formation
Coal formation takes place due to accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. The Coal formation process continues, as peat turns into lignite brown or black coal at increasing heat and pressure.  
Taconite is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock as it flows. When the river reaches a lake or sea, its load of transported rocks settles or deposits at the bottom of sea or lake.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
-  
Hematite, Magnetite, Quartz  

Compound Content
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur  
Fe, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
No  
No  

Types of Metamorphism
-  
-  

Weathering
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  
Biological Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion  
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
1  
5.5-6  

Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained  
Large and Coarse Grained  

Fracture
Conchoidal  
Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal  

Streak
Black  
White  

Porosity
Highly Porous  
Highly Porous  

Luster
Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic  
Earthy  

Compressive Strength
-  
190.00 N/mm2  
15

Cleavage
-  
-  

Toughness
-  
1.5  

Specific Gravity
1.1-1.4  
5-5.3  

Transparency
Opaque  
Translucent to Opaque  

Density
800-801 g/cm3  
-9999 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
1.26 kJ/Kg K  
5
3.20 kJ/Kg K  
1

Resistance
Heat Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam  
China, India, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam  

Africa
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania  
Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania  

Europe
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom  
Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom  

Others
-  
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, Mexico, USA  
Canada, Mexico, USA  

South America
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela  
Bolivia, Brazil  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria  
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia  

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Lignite and Taconite Properties

Know all about Lignite and Taconite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Lignite and Taconite belong to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Lignite is Amorphous, Glassy whereas that of Taconite is Banded, Trellis. Lignite appears Veined or Pebbled and Taconite appears Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny. The luster of Lignite is dull to vitreous to submetallic while that of Taconite is earthy. Lignite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors whereas Taconite is available in red, reddish brown colors. The commercial uses of Lignite are electricity generation and that of Taconite are as a touchstone, cemetery markers, creating artwork.

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