1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Granophyre is a type of granitic rock which consists of intergrown feldspar and quartz crystals in a medium to fine grained groundmass
Kimberlite is a rare, blue-tinged, coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock, which sometimes contains diamonds and is mostly found in South Africa and Siberia.
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
Unknown
Kimberley, South Africa
1.2.2 Discoverer
1.2 Etymology
From German Granophyr, from Granit granite + Porphyr
From Kimberley + -ite, from the name of the South African town of Kimberley where the rock was first found.
1.3 Class
Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks
1.4.2 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
1.7 Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
2.2 Color
Black, Grey, Orange, Pink, White
Black, Bluish - Grey, Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Grey
2.4 Maintenance
2.6 Durability
3.1.1 Water Resistant
3.2.1 Scratch Resistant
3.3.1 Stain Resistant
3.4.1 Wind Resistant
3.4.2 Acid Resistant
3.5 Appearance
Veined or Pebbled
Dull and Banded
4 Uses
4.1 Architecture
4.1.1 Interior Uses
Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration, Kitchens, Stair Treads
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
4.1.3 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Bridges, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration
4.1.5 Other Architectural Uses
4.2 Industry
4.2.2 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone
As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
4.2.3 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium
4.4 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
5.2 Other Uses
5.2.2 Commercial Uses
Curling, Gemstone, Laboratory bench tops, Tombstones
An Oil and Gas Reservoir, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Gemstone, Metallurgical Flux, Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
6 Types
6.1 Types
Not Available
Basaltic Kimberlites and Micaceous Kimberlites
6.2 Features
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, It is One of the Oldest, Strongest and Hardest Rock
Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust, Host rock for Diamond, Is one of the oldest rock, Surfaces are often shiny
6.4 Archaeological Significance
6.4.1 Monuments
6.4.3 Famous Monuments
Data Not Available
Data Not Available
6.5.1 Sculpture
6.6.2 Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
Data Not Available
7.1.1 Pictographs
7.2.1 Petroglyphs
7.3.2 Figurines
7.4 Fossils
8 Formation
8.1 Formation
Granophyre is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
Kimberlite is an igneous rock and is the main source of diamonds. Its formation takes place deep beneath the Earth’s surface between 150 to 450 kilometres, and are erupted rapidly and violently.
8.2 Composition
8.2.1 Mineral Content
Hornblade, Orthoclase, Plagioclase, Quartz
Garnet, Olivine, Phlogopite, Pyroxene
8.2.3 Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
8.3 Transformation
8.3.1 Metamorphism
8.3.3 Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
8.3.4 Weathering
8.4.1 Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
9.1.1 Erosion
9.2.2 Types of Erosion
Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
10 Properties
10.1 Physical Properties
10.1.1 Hardness
11.1.2 Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
Fine to Coarse Grained
11.1.3 Fracture
11.1.4 Streak
11.1.5 Porosity
Less Porous
Very Less Porous
11.1.6 Luster
Dull to Grainy with Sporadic parts Pearly and Vitreous
Subvitreous to Dull
11.1.7 Compressive Strength
11.1.14 Cleavage
11.1.15 Toughness
Not Available
Not Available
11.1.16 Specific Gravity
11.1.20 Transparency
Opaque
Translucent to Opaque
11.1.21 Density
2.6-2.8 g/cm32.95-2.96 g/cm3
0
1400
11.2 Thermal Properties
11.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
0.79 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K
0.14
3.2
11.3.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
12 Reserves
12.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
12.1.1 Asia
China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam
Russia
12.1.2 Africa
Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa
Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, South Africa
12.1.3 Europe
Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sardinia, Spain, Switzerland, The Czech Republic, Venezuela
England, Hungary, Iceland, United Kingdom
12.1.5 Others
13.2 Deposits in Western Continents
13.2.1 North America
13.2.3 South America
Not Yet Found
Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador
13.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
13.3.1 Australia
Not Yet Found
New South Wales, New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia