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Gossan and Oil shale


Oil shale and Gossan


Definition

Definition
Gossan is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein.   
Oil Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock from which oil is extracted   

History
  
  

Origin
Indonesia   
Unknown   

Discoverer
Cornish Gossen   
Unknown   

Etymology
From Cornish gossen from gos, blood from Old Cornish guit   
From Old English scealu in its base sense of thing that divides or separate   

Class
Metamorphic Rocks   
Sedimentary Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock   
Durable Rock, Soft Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Not Applicable   

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Rough, Sandy   
Splintery   

Color
Brown, Brown- Black, Gold, Green, Rust   
Black, Brown, Buff, Green, Grey, Red, Yellow   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
Yes   
No   

Stain Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Wind Resistant
No   
No   

Acid Resistant
No   
No   

Appearance
Dull and Banded   
Muddy   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration   
Not Yet Used   

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings   
Not Yet Used   

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing   
Not Yet Used   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate   
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Serves as an Oil and Gas Reservoir rock   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts   
Artifacts   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Gemstone   
An Oil and Gas Reservoir   

Types

Types
Translocated gossan and Leakage gossan   
Carbonate-rich Shale, Siliceous Shale and Cannel Shale   

Features
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates   
Easily splits into thin plates, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Very fine grained rock   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Famous Monuments
Not Applicable   
Not Applicable   

Sculpture
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable   
Not Applicable   

Pictographs
Used   
Not Used   

Petroglyphs
Used   
Not Used   

Figurines
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Present   

Formation

Formation
Earth movements can cause rocks to be either deeply buried or squeezed and hence the rocks are heated and put under great pressure.   
Oil Shale forms on the beds of seas and lakes and its formation starts with the organic debris settling and accumulating at the bottom of a lake or sea which are then transformed into rock with the help of high temperature and pressure.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Epidote, Feldspar, Hornblende, Micas, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Zircon   
Albite, Biotite, Calcite, Chert, Chlorite, Dolomite, Hematite, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Silica, Sulfides   

Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Fe, FeO, Silicon Dioxide, Sulphur   
Ca, Fe, Mg, Silicon Dioxide, Sodium   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
No   
No   

Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable   
Not Applicable   

Weathering
No   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Not Applicable   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion   
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
4-5   
2-3   

Grain Size
Fine to Medium Grained   
Very fine-grained   

Fracture
Conchoidal   
Not Available   

Streak
White to Grey   
White   

Porosity
Highly Porous   
Highly Porous   

Luster
Metallic   
Dull   

Cleavage
Not Available   
Slaty   

Toughness
Not Available   
2.6   

Specific Gravity
2.0   
2.2-2.8   

Transparency
Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
Not Available   
2.4-2.8 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.24 kJ/Kg K   
24
0.39 kJ/Kg K   
23

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant   
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
China, India, Indonesia, Russia, Singapore, South Korea   
Bangladesh, China, India, Israel, Jordan, Russia, Syria, Thailand, Turkey   

Africa
Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa   
Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania   

Europe
Albania, France, Germany, Great Britain, United Kingdom   
Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland   

Others
Not Yet Found   
Greenland, Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, USA   
Canada, USA   

South America
Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador   
Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia   
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Gossan and Oil shale Properties

Know all about Gossan and Oil shale properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Gossan belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Oil shale belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Gossan is Rough, Sandy whereas that of Oil shale is Splintery. Gossan appears Dull and Banded and Oil shale appears Muddy. The luster of Gossan is metallic while that of Oil shale is dull. Gossan is available in brown, brown- black, gold, green, rust colors whereas Oil shale is available in black, brown, buff, green, grey, red, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Gossan are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, gemstone and that of Oil shale are an oil and gas reservoir.

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