1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks
Diorite is a grey to dark-grey intermediate intrusive igneous rock composed principally of plagioclase feldspar,biotite, hornblende, and pyroxene
1.5 History
1.5.1 Origin
1.7.1 Discoverer
1.8 Etymology
From the Middle High German verb gneist (to spark; so called because the rock glitters)
From early 19th century coined in French, formed irregularly from Greek diorizein distinguish
1.9 Class
Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous Rocks
1.10.2 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
1.11 Family
1.11.1 Group
1.13 Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
3 Texture
3.1 Texture
Banded, Foliated, Platy
Phaneritic
3.3 Color
Black, Brown, Pink, Red, White
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey, White
3.4 Maintenance
3.7 Durability
4.0.1 Water Resistant
4.2.2 Scratch Resistant
4.2.4 Stain Resistant
5.1.4 Wind Resistant
5.1.7 Acid Resistant
5.3 Appearance
6 Uses
6.1 Architecture
6.1.1 Interior Uses
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration
6.2.2 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration
6.3.1 Other Architectural Uses
6.6 Industry
6.6.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
7.0.2 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
8.2 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
8.4 Other Uses
8.4.2 Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Jewelry, Tombstones, Used in aquariums
Creating Artwork, Curling
9 Types
9.1 Types
Augen Gneiss, Henderson Gneiss, Lewisian Gneiss, Archean and Proterozoic Gneiss.
Not Available
10.2 Features
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock
Typically speckled black and white.
10.5 Archaeological Significance
10.5.1 Monuments
10.6.2 Famous Monuments
Konark Sun Temple in India, Washington Monument, US
Data Not Available
10.7.2 Sculpture
10.8.2 Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable
Data Not Available
10.9.3 Pictographs
11.1.1 Petroglyphs
11.2.1 Figurines
11.4 Fossils
12 Formation
12.1 Formation
Gneiss is a high grade metamorphic rock i.e. it has been subjected to higher temperatures and pressures than schist. It is formed by the metamorphosis of Gneiss forms from volcanic rock, shale or granitie.
Diorite is a coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock which contains large interlocking and randomly oriented crystals and forms when molten lava does not reach the Earth’s surface and cools down in the Earth’s crust.
12.2 Composition
12.2.1 Mineral Content
Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Garnet, Graphite, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Quartz, Quartzite, Silica, Zircon
Albite, Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Muscovite or Illite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Titanite, Zircon
12.2.4 Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, MnO, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
Silicon Dioxide
12.4 Transformation
12.4.1 Metamorphism
12.4.5 Types of Metamorphism
Impact Metamorphism
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
13.1.1 Weathering
13.2.3 Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
13.3.3 Erosion
14.1.2 Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion
15 Properties
15.2 Physical Properties
15.2.2 Hardness
19.1.4 Grain Size
Medium to Coarse Grained
Medium to Coarse Grained
19.1.5 Fracture
19.1.6 Streak
19.1.7 Porosity
Very Less Porous
Very Less Porous
19.1.8 Luster
19.1.9 Compressive Strength
125.00 N/mm2225.00 N/mm2
0.15
450
19.2.6 Cleavage
19.2.7 Toughness
19.2.8 Specific Gravity
20.3.6 Transparency
Translucent to Opaque
Opaque
20.3.7 Density
2.6-2.9 g/cm32.8-3 g/cm3
0
1400
20.4 Thermal Properties
20.4.1 Specific Heat Capacity
20.6.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
21 Reserves
21.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
21.1.1 Asia
China, India, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia
Not Yet Found
21.1.2 Africa
Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Tanzania, Togo
Egypt
21.1.3 Europe
Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Monaco, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom
Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom
21.1.4 Others
Not Yet Found
Not Yet Found
21.2 Deposits in Western Continents
21.2.1 North America
Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, USA
USA
21.2.2 South America
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
21.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
21.3.1 Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria
New Zealand, Western Australia