Formation of Hawaiite and Carbonatite

Hawaiite

Carbonatite

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1 Formation

1.1 Formation

Hawaiite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes and reach the Earth's surface.

Carbonatites are intrusive or extrusive igneous rocks which are defined by mineralogic composition consisting of greater than 50 percent carbonate minerals and are formed due to low degrees of partial melting of rocks.

1.2 Composition

1.2.1 Mineral Content

Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Ancylite, Apatite, Barite, Fluorite, Magnetite, Natrolite, Sodalite

1.2.2 Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Sodium Oxide

1.3 Transformation

1.3.1 Metamorphism

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1.3.2 Types of Metamorphism

Impact Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

1.3.3 Weathering

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1.3.4 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

1.3.5 Erosion

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1.3.6 Types of Erosion

Not Applicable

Chemical Erosion, Wind Erosion

Hawaiite and Carbonatite Formation

Formation of rocks is a long process and hence, Hawaiite and Carbonatite formation sounds very interesting. According to the formation, all rocks are divided into :Igneous Rocks, Fossil Rocks and Metamorphic Rocks. Igneous rocks form by crystallization of magma or lava. The magma is made up of various components of pre-existing rocks which have been subjected to melting either at subduction zones or within the Earth's mantle. Igneous rocks are generally seen at mid ocean ridges or in intra-plate hotspots. Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediments accumulate gradually. As the sediments are buried they get compacted as more and more material is deposited on top. Eventually the sediments become so dense that they form a rock. Metamorphic rocks are rocks which once existed as igneous or sedimentary rocks but have been subjected to varying degrees of pressure and heat within the Earth's crust. Get to know all about formation of Hawaiite and Carbonatite, composition of Hawaiite and Carbonatite and their transformation.