Formation of Banded iron formation and Carbonatite

Banded iron formation

Carbonatite

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1 Formation

1.1 Formation

The banded iron layers are formed in sea water when oxygen is released by photosynthetic cyano-bacteria. The oxygen then combines with dissolved iron in ocean to form insoluble iron oxides, which precipitated out, forming a thin layer of banded iron formation on ocean floor.

Carbonatites are intrusive or extrusive igneous rocks which are defined by mineralogic composition consisting of greater than 50 percent carbonate minerals and are formed due to low degrees of partial melting of rocks.

1.2 Composition

1.2.1 Mineral Content

Hematite, Magnetite, Quartz

Ancylite, Apatite, Barite, Fluorite, Magnetite, Natrolite, Sodalite

1.2.2 Compound Content

Fe, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Sodium Oxide

1.3 Transformation

1.3.1 Metamorphism

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1.3.2 Types of Metamorphism

Not Applicable

Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

1.3.3 Weathering

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1.3.4 Types of Weathering

Chemical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

1.3.5 Erosion

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1.3.6 Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Wind Erosion

Banded iron formation and Carbonatite Formation

Formation of rocks is a long process and hence, Banded iron formation and Carbonatite formation sounds very interesting. According to the formation, all rocks are divided into :Igneous Rocks, Fossil Rocks and Metamorphic Rocks. Igneous rocks form by crystallization of magma or lava. The magma is made up of various components of pre-existing rocks which have been subjected to melting either at subduction zones or within the Earth's mantle. Igneous rocks are generally seen at mid ocean ridges or in intra-plate hotspots. Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediments accumulate gradually. As the sediments are buried they get compacted as more and more material is deposited on top. Eventually the sediments become so dense that they form a rock. Metamorphic rocks are rocks which once existed as igneous or sedimentary rocks but have been subjected to varying degrees of pressure and heat within the Earth's crust. Get to know all about formation of Banded iron formation and Carbonatite, composition of Banded iron formation and Carbonatite and their transformation.