Evaporite and Icelandite

Evaporite

Icelandite

Definition

A water-soluble mineral sediment resulting from concentration and crystallization by evaporation from an aqueous solution

Icelandite belongs to volcanic igneous rocks which is rich in iron and belongs to andesite rock

History

Origin

USA

Iceland

Discoverer

Usiglio

Ian S. E. Carmichael

Etymology

From a sediment left after the evaporation

From its origin place near Cenozoic volcano near the parsonage Þingmúli in East Iceland

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Not Applicable

Volcanic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Earthy

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Colourless, Green, Grey, Silver, White

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

Yes

Scratch Resistant

Yes

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Yes

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Glassy, Vesicular and Foilated

Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium

Not Yet Used

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Artifacts, Jewellery, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Used in the manufacture of Ceramic Powder, Used in the preparation of Sulfuric Acid and Silicon Diborite

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Types

Not Available

Features

Generally rough to touch, Splintery, Veined

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Not Yet Used

Famous Monuments

Not Applicable

Sculpture

Not Yet Used

Used

Famous Sculptures

Not Applicable

Data Not Available

Pictographs

Used

Not Used

Petroglyphs

Used

Not Used

Figurines

Not Yet Used

Used

Fossils

Present

Absent

Formation

Evaporite is water-soluble mineral sediment which forms from concentration and crystallization by evaporation from an aqueous solution.

Icelandite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Cancrinite, Gypsum, Kyanite, Magnetite

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon

Compound Content

CaMg(CO₃)₂, CaO, Calcium Sulfate, KCl, MgO, NaCl

Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Yes

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Yes

Types of Weathering

Not Applicable

Biological Weathering

Erosion

Yes

Types of Erosion

Not Applicable

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-3

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Uneven

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Vitreous

Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm²

Not Available

Cleavage

Perfect

Not Available

Toughness

Not Available

1.1

Specific Gravity

2.86-2.99

2.5-2.8

Transparency

Translucent

Opaque

Density

2.8-2.9 g/cm³

2.11-2.36 g/cm³

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K

2.39 kJ/Kg K

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Not Available

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

Africa

Not Available

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

United Kingdom

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

Others

Not Yet Found

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Mexico, USA

South America

Colombia, Paraguay

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

Summary >>

<< Reserves

All about Evaporite and Icelandite Properties

Know all about Evaporite and Icelandite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Evaporite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Icelandite belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Evaporite is Earthy whereas that of Icelandite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic. Evaporite appears Glassy, Vesicular and Foilated and Icelandite appears Dull and Soft. The luster of Evaporite is subvitreous to dull while that of Icelandite is vitreous. Evaporite is available in colourless, green, grey, silver, white colors whereas Icelandite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Evaporite are used in the manufacture of ceramic powder, used in the preparation of sulfuric acid and silicon diborite and that of Icelandite are cemetery markers, creating artwork.