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Diabase
Diabase

Icelandite
Icelandite



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Diabase
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Icelandite

Diabase vs Icelandite

Definition

Definition

Diabase is a fine-grained igneous rock which is composed mostly of pyroxene and feldspar
Icelandite belongs to volcanic igneous rocks which is rich in iron and belongs to andesite rock

History

Origin

Germany
Iceland

Discoverer

Christian Leopold von Buch
Ian S. E. Carmichael

Etymology

From Greek di + base
From its origin place near Cenozoic volcano near the parsonage Þingmúli in East Iceland

Class

Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic
Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Aphanitic, Granular
Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Dark Grey to Black
Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Maintenance

Less
More

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Vesicular
Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens
Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Jewellery, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

An Oil and Gas Reservoir, Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Laboratory bench tops, Jewelry, Sea Defence, Tombstones
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Dolerite
Intermediate volcanic rock

Features

Smooth to touch
Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

Stonehenge in English county of Wiltshire
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Diabase forms when molten igneous rock is squeezed up into a vertical crack in other rocks, the crack is usually forced apart and the molten rock cools in the space to form a tabular igneous intrusion cutting across the surrounding rocks and is known as a dike.
Icelandite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Augite, Chlorite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Pyrrhotite, Serpentine
Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Sulfur Trioxide
Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering
Biological Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

77
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine to Medium Grained
Very fine-grained

Fracture

Conchoidal
Uneven

Streak

Black
White

Porosity

Highly Porous
Less Porous

Luster

-
Vitreous

Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm2200.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
-

Toughness

1.6
1.1

Specific Gravity

2.86-2.872.5-2.8
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.7-3.3 g/cm32.11-2.36 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K2.39 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India
India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

Africa

South Africa, Tanzania
Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Germany, Greece, Italy, Scotland, Turkey
Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

Others

Antarctica, Greenland
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Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA
Mexico, USA

South America

Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

Diabase vs Icelandite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Diabase and Icelandite Reserves. Diabase is a fine-grained igneous rock which is composed mostly of pyroxene and feldspar. Icelandite belongs to volcanic igneous rocks which is rich in iron and belongs to andesite rock. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Diabase vs Icelandite information and Diabase vs Icelandite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Diabase vs Icelandite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Diabase vs Icelandite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Diabase and Properties of Icelandite. Learn more about Diabase vs Icelandite in the next section. The interior uses of Diabase include Countertops, Decorative aggregates, Homes, Interior decoration and Kitchens whereas the interior uses of Icelandite include Decorative aggregates, Floor tiles, Homes, Interior decoration and Kitchens. Due to some exceptional properties of Diabase and Icelandite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Diabase in construction industry include As dimension stone, Building houses or walls, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate and that of Icelandite include Cobblestones, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate.

More about Diabase and Icelandite

Here you can know more about Diabase and Icelandite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Diabase and Icelandite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Diabase includes Augite, Chlorite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Pyrrhotite, Serpentine and mineral content of Icelandite includes Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Diabase vs Icelandite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Diabase is available in dark grey to black colors whereas, Icelandite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors. Appearance of Diabase is Vesicular and that of Icelandite is Dull and Soft. Properties of rock is another aspect for Diabase vs Icelandite. Hardness of Diabase and Icelandite is 7. The types of Diabase are Dolerite whereas types of Icelandite are Intermediate volcanic rock. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Diabase is black while that of Icelandite is white. The specific heat capacity of Diabase is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Icelandite is 2.39 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Diabase is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Icelandite is heat resistant, pressure resistant, scratch resistant, wear resistant.