Diabase

Andesite

Diabase and Andesite

Diabase

Andesite

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Definition

Diabase is a fine-grained igneous rock which is composed mostly of pyroxene and feldspar

Andesite is a dark, fine-grained, brown or greyish intermediate volcanic rock which is a commonly found in lava

History

Origin

Germany

North America

Discoverer

Christian Leopold von Buch

Theodor von Gümbel

Etymology

From Greek di + base

From Andes mountains, where it is found in abundance

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic, Granular

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Dark Grey to Black

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Vesicular

Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

An Oil and Gas Reservoir, Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Laboratory bench tops, Jewelry, Sea Defence, Tombstones

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Dolerite

Icelandite

Features

Smooth to touch

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Stonehenge in English county of Wiltshire

Middle of the Earth in Ecuador

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Diabase forms when molten igneous rock is squeezed up into a vertical crack in other rocks, the crack is usually forced apart and the molten rock cools in the space to form a tabular igneous intrusion cutting across the surrounding rocks and is known as a dike.

Andesite is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms when the magma is erupted onto the surface and is crystallized quickly.

Composition

Mineral Content

Augite, Chlorite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Pyrrhotite, Serpentine

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Zircon

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Sulfur Trioxide

Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

1 7

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Grain Size

Fine to Medium Grained

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Uneven

Streak

Black

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm²225.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

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Cleavage

Toughness

1.6

1.1

Specific Gravity

2.86-2.872.5-2.8

0 8.4

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Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.7-3.3 g/cm³2.11-2.36 g/cm³

0 1400

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Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K2.39 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

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Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

Africa

South Africa, Tanzania

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Germany, Greece, Italy, Scotland, Turkey

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

Others

Antarctica, Greenland

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

Mexico, USA

South America

Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Diabase and Andesite Properties

Know all about Diabase and Andesite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Diabase and Andesite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Diabase is Aphanitic, Granular whereas that of Andesite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic. Diabase appears Vesicular and Andesite appears Dull and Soft. The luster of Diabase is while that of Andesite is vitreous. Diabase is available in dark grey to black colors whereas Andesite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Diabase are an oil and gas reservoir, cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, laboratory bench tops, jewelry, sea defence, tombstones and that of Andesite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork.