Claystone

Pseudotachylite

Claystone and Pseudotachylite

Claystone

Pseudotachylite

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Definition

Claystone is a fine-grained, dark gray to pink sedimentary rock which mainly consists of compacted and hardened clay

Very fine grained fault rock which is composed of glassy matrix that often contains inclusions of wall-rock fragments.

History

Origin

USA

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From English clay and stone as the rock contains more amount of clay

From pseudo- +‎ tachylite, a glassy rock generated by frictional heat within faults.

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Clastic

Quench

Color

Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Grey, Orange, Red, White, Yellow

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Rough and Dull

Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Facing Stone, Roof Tiles

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Pottery

Creating Artwork, Gemstone

Types

Claystone

Cataclastic rock

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock

Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Absent

Formation

Claystone is generally quite soft, but can be hard and brittle. It forms due to weathering of mudstone.

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Pseudotachylite is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyrite, Quartz

Iron Oxides, Pyroxene, Quartz, Stishovite, Sulfides

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, Ca, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Carbon Dioxide, Silicon Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

3.5-47

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Uneven

Streak

White

Light to dark brown

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Dull

Vitreous

Compressive Strength

40.00 N/mm²60.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

2.6

Specific Gravity

02.46-2.86

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Transparent to Translucent

Density

2-2.9 g/cm³2.7-2.9 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, China, India, Russia

South Korea

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

Western Africa

Europe

Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland

Great Britain, Switzerland

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Panama, USA

South America

Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Claystone and Pseudotachylite Properties

Know all about Claystone and Pseudotachylite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Claystone belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Pseudotachylite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Claystone is Clastic whereas that of Pseudotachylite is Quench. Claystone appears Rough and Dull and Pseudotachylite appears Dull and Soft. The luster of Claystone is dull while that of Pseudotachylite is vitreous. Claystone is available in black, blue, brown, green, grey, orange, red, white, yellow colors whereas Pseudotachylite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Claystone are pottery and that of Pseudotachylite are creating artwork, gemstone.