Claystone

Boninite

Claystone and Boninite

Claystone

Boninite

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Definition

Claystone is a fine-grained, dark gray to pink sedimentary rock which mainly consists of compacted and hardened clay

Boninite is a mafic extrusive rock which is high in magnesium and silica content, formed in fore-arc environments, typically during the early stages of subduction

History

Origin

Japan

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From English clay and stone as the rock contains more amount of clay

From its occurrence in the Izu-Bonin arc south of Japan

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Clastic

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Grey, Orange, Red, White, Yellow

Bluish - Grey, Brown, Green, Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Rough and Dull

Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Kitchens

Exterior Uses

As Facing Stone, Roof Tiles

Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Pottery

An Oil and Gas Reservoir, Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Types

Claystone

Basalt

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, High Mg content, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Absent

Formation

Claystone is generally quite soft, but can be hard and brittle. It forms due to weathering of mudstone.

Boninite is a type of Igneous rock which is formed through the cooling and solidification of lava or existing rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyrite, Quartz

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, Ca, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Biological Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

3.5-47

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Streak

White

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Dull

Vitreous

Compressive Strength

40.00 N/mm²150.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

2.6

1.1

Specific Gravity

02.5-2.8

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2-2.9 g/cm³-9999 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, China, India, Russia

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

South Africa

Europe

Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland

England, Finland, United Kingdom

Others

Antarctica, Greenland

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Panama, USA

USA

South America

Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Colombia, Uruguay

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Claystone and Boninite Properties

Know all about Claystone and Boninite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Claystone belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Boninite belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Claystone is Clastic whereas that of Boninite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic. Claystone appears Rough and Dull and Boninite appears Dull and Soft. The luster of Claystone is dull while that of Boninite is vitreous. Claystone is available in black, blue, brown, green, grey, orange, red, white, yellow colors whereas Boninite is available in bluish - grey, brown, green, grey colors. The commercial uses of Claystone are pottery and that of Boninite are an oil and gas reservoir, cemetery markers, creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo).