Charnockite

Nephelinite

Charnockite and Nephelinite

Charnockite

Nephelinite

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Definition

Charnockite is a variety of granite containing minerals like orthopyroxene, quartz, and feldspar

Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).

History

Origin

Tamil Nadu, India

Brazil

Discoverer

T. H. Holland

Unknown

Etymology

From Job Charnock, an administtrator of East India Company

from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Granular

Aphanitic

Color

Black, Grey, Orange, Pink, White

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Veined or Pebbled

Skeletal

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens, Stair Treads

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Bridges, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Resorts

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Curling, Gemstone, Laboratory bench tops, Tombstones

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Types

Enderbite

Peralkaline Nephelinite

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, It is One of the Oldest, Strongest and Hardest Rock

Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Charnockite is an intrusive igneous rock which is very hard and is formed due to weathering of existing rocks.

Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz

Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6-76.5

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Flat

Streak

White

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous to Metallic

Compressive Strength

190.00 N/mm²35.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

2.7

Specific Gravity

-99992.4-2.9

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.6 g/cm³2.5-3 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.88 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India

Japan

Africa

East Africa, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique

Rwanda, Tanzania

Europe

Albania, Romania, Scotland, United Kingdom

Others

Hawaii Islands

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Canada, USA

South America

Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela

Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Charnockite and Nephelinite Properties

Know all about Charnockite and Nephelinite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Charnockite and Nephelinite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Charnockite is Granular whereas that of Nephelinite is Aphanitic. Charnockite appears Veined or Pebbled and Nephelinite appears Skeletal. The luster of Charnockite is while that of Nephelinite is vitreous to metallic. Charnockite is available in black, grey, orange, pink, white colors whereas Nephelinite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Charnockite are curling, gemstone, laboratory bench tops, tombstones and that of Nephelinite are creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo).