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Cataclasite vs Skarn


Skarn vs Cataclasite


Definition

Definition
Cataclasite is a type of cataclastic rock that is formed by fracturing and comminution during faulting. It is normally cohesive and non-foliated, consisting of angular clasts in a finer-grained matrix  
Skarns are formed during regional or contact metamorphism and from a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluids of magmatic, metamorphic, and/or marine origin  

History
  
  

Origin
Swiss Alps, Europe  
USA, Australia  

Discoverer
Michael Tellinger  
Tornebohm  

Etymology
From the Italian word cataclasi  
From an old Swedish mining term originally used to describe a type of silicate gangue or waste rock.  

Class
Metamorphic Rocks  
Metamorphic Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock  
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
-  
-  

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Clastic  
Earthy, Mud-rich, Rough  

Color
Brown, Green, White, Yellow  
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White  

Maintenance
Less  
Less  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
No  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
No  
No  

Wind Resistant
No  
Yes  

Acid Resistant
No  
Yes  

Appearance
Dull and Banded  
Dull  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes  
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Interior Decoration  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone  

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate  
As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Gold and Silver production, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts  
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork  
Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Metallurgical Flux, Source of Magnesia (MgO)  

Types

Types
Protocataclasite, Mesocataclasite, Ultracataclasite and Foliated cataclasite  
Endoskarns  

Features
Easily splits into thin plates, Is one of the oldest rock  
Host Rock for Lead, Zinc and Copper Deposits  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Absent  

Formation

Formation
Cataclasiste rocks mainly form by pressure deep under the Earth's surface, from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.  
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Skarn is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.  

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Albite, Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyroxene, Quartz  
Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Garnet, Magnetite, Pyroxene, Titanite  

Compound Content
Silicon Dioxide  
Au, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Cu, Fe, MgO  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
No  
Yes  

Types of Metamorphism
-  
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  

Weathering
Yes  
No  

Types of Weathering
Mechanical Weathering  
-  

Erosion
Yes  
No  

Types of Erosion
Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion  
-  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
3-4  
6.5  

Grain Size
Fine Grained  
Fine Grained  

Fracture
-  
Irregular  

Streak
Black  
Light to dark brown  

Porosity
Less Porous  
Less Porous  

Luster
Vitreous  
Waxy and Dull  

Compressive Strength
50.00 N/mm2  
39
70.00 N/mm2  
35

Cleavage
-  
Slaty  

Toughness
-  
2.4  

Specific Gravity
2.1  
2.86  

Transparency
Translucent to Opaque  
Opaque  

Density
2.9-3.1 g/cm3  
2.8-2.9 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.84 kJ/Kg K  
15
0.92 kJ/Kg K  
10

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant  
Heat Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea  
China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sri Lanka  

Africa
Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, South Africa  
South Africa, Western Africa  

Europe
England, Finland, France, Spain, United Kingdom  
United Kingdom  

Others
-  
-  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, USA  
Canada  

South America
Argentina, Colombia  
Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia  
Central Australia, Western Australia  

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Cataclasite vs Skarn Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Cataclasite and Skarn Reserves. Cataclasite is a type of cataclastic rock that is formed by fracturing and comminution during faulting. It is normally cohesive and non-foliated, consisting of angular clasts in a finer-grained matrix. Skarns are formed during regional or contact metamorphism and from a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluids of magmatic, metamorphic, and/or marine origin. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Cataclasite vs Skarn information and Cataclasite vs Skarn characteristics in the upcoming sections.

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Cataclasite vs Skarn Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Cataclasite vs Skarn characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Cataclasite and Properties of Skarn. Learn more about Cataclasite vs Skarn in the next section. The interior uses of Cataclasite include Decorative aggregates and Homes whereas the interior uses of Skarn include Decorative aggregates, Entryways and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Cataclasite and Skarn, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Cataclasite in construction industry include As dimension stone, Building houses or walls, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate and that of Skarn include As a flux in the production of steel and pig iron, As a sintering agent in steel industry to process iron ore, As dimension stone, Gold and silver production, Manufacture of magnesium and dolomite refractories.

More about Cataclasite and Skarn

Here you can know more about Cataclasite and Skarn. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Cataclasite and Skarn consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Cataclasite includes Albite, Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyroxene, Quartz and mineral content of Skarn includes Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Garnet, Magnetite, Pyroxene, Titanite. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Cataclasite vs Skarn, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Cataclasite is available in brown, green, white, yellow colors whereas, Skarn is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. Appearance of Cataclasite is Dull and Banded and that of Skarn is Dull. Properties of rock is another aspect for Cataclasite vs Skarn. The hardness of Cataclasite is 3-4 and that of Skarn is 6.5. The types of Cataclasite are Protocataclasite, Mesocataclasite, Ultracataclasite and Foliated cataclasite whereas types of Skarn are Endoskarns. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Cataclasite is black while that of Skarn is light to dark brown. The specific heat capacity of Cataclasite is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Skarn is 0.92 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Cataclasite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant whereas Skarn is heat resistant.

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