Cataclasite and Coal
Definition
Definition
Cataclasite is a type of cataclastic rock that is formed by fracturing and comminution during faulting. It is normally cohesive and non-foliated, consisting of angular clasts in a finer-grained matrix
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers called coal beds
History
Origin
Swiss Alps, Europe
USA
Discoverer
Michael Tellinger
John Peter Salley
Etymology
From the Italian word cataclasi
From the Old English term col, which has meant mineral of fossilized carbon since the 13th century
Class
Metamorphic Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Family
Group
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Texture
Texture
Clastic
Amorphous, Glassy
Color
Brown, Green, White, Yellow
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey
Maintenance
Less
Less
Durability
Durable
Durable
Water Resistant
Yes
No
Scratch Resistant
No
No
Stain Resistant
No
No
Wind Resistant
No
No
Acid Resistant
No
No
Appearance
Dull and Banded
Veined or Pebbled
Uses
Architecture
Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes
Not Yet Used
Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone
Not Yet Used
Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
Not Yet Used
Industry
Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production
Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
Antiquity Uses
Artifacts
Artifacts
Other Uses
Commercial Uses
Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork
Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry
Types
Types
Protocataclasite, Mesocataclasite, Ultracataclasite and Foliated cataclasite
Peat, Lignite, Sub-Bituminous Coal, Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, Graphite
Features
Easily splits into thin plates, Is one of the oldest rock
Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel
Archaeological Significance
Monuments
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
Famous Monuments
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Sculpture
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Pictographs
Used
Not Used
Petroglyphs
Used
Not Used
Figurines
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
Fossils
Absent
Present
Formation
Formation
Cataclasiste rocks mainly form by pressure deep under the Earth's surface, from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.
Coal forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment which is buried by sediments such as mud or sand and then compacted to form coal.
Composition
Mineral Content
Albite, Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyroxene, Quartz
Analcime, Apatite, Barite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Chromite, Clausthalite, Clay Minerals, Crandallite Group, Dolomite, Feldspar, Galena, Gypsum, Marcasite, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Siderite, Sphalerite, Zircon
Compound Content
Silicon Dioxide
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur
Transformation
Metamorphism
No
Yes
Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Weathering
Yes
No
Types of Weathering
Mechanical Weathering
Not Applicable
Erosion
Yes
No
Types of Erosion
Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion
Not Applicable
Properties
Physical Properties
Hardness
3-4
1-1.5
Grain Size
Fine Grained
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
Fracture
NA
Conchoidal
Streak
Black
Black
Porosity
Less Porous
Less Porous
Luster
Vitreous
Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic
Cleavage
Not Available
Non-Existent
Toughness
Not Available
Not Available
Specific Gravity
2.1
1.1-1.4
Transparency
Translucent to Opaque
Opaque
Density
2.9-3.1 g/cm3
1100-1400 g/cm3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat Capacity
Not Available
1.32 kJ/Kg K
4
Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
Heat Resistant
Reserves
Deposits in Eastern Continents
Asia
China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
Africa
Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, South Africa
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
Europe
England, Finland, France, Spain, United Kingdom
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom
Others
Not Yet Found
Not Yet Found
Deposits in Western Continents
North America
Canada, USA
Canada, Mexico, USA
South America
Argentina, Colombia
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
Deposits in Oceania Continent
Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria
All about Cataclasite and Coal Properties
Know all about Cataclasite and Coal properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Cataclasite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Coal belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Cataclasite is Clastic whereas that of Coal is Amorphous, Glassy. Cataclasite appears Dull and Banded and Coal appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Cataclasite is vitreous while that of Coal is dull to vitreous to submetallic. Cataclasite is available in brown, green, white, yellow colors whereas Coal is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Cataclasite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Coal are alumina refineries, electricity generation, liquid fuel, manufacture of soap, solvents, dyes, plastics and fibres, paper industry.
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