Boninite

Diatomite

Boninite and Diatomite

Boninite

Diatomite

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Definition

Boninite is a mafic extrusive rock which is high in magnesium and silica content, formed in fore-arc environments, typically during the early stages of subduction

Diatomite is a fine-grained sedimentary rock which is formed from consolidated diatomaceous earth

History

Origin

Japan

Germany

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From its occurrence in the Izu-Bonin arc south of Japan

From diatom + -ite1

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Clastic or Non-Clastic

Color

Bluish - Grey, Brown, Green, Grey

Grey, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Non-Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Soft

Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Kitchens

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Source of calcium

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

An Oil and Gas Reservoir, Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Alumina Refineries, Animal feed filler, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Creating Artwork, Drawing on blackboards, Fire resistant, Gymnasts, athletes and mountain climbers use for grip, In aquifers, Soil Conditioner, To ignite fire, Used as a filter medium, Used as an insecticide, Whiting material in toothpaste, paint and paper

Types

Basalt

Diatomite

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, High Mg content, Is one of the oldest rock

Clasts are smooth to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Present

Formation

Boninite is a type of Igneous rock which is formed through the cooling and solidification of lava or existing rocks.

Diatomite rock formed from the skeletal remains of single celled plants called diatoms. When diatoms die, their skeletal remains sink to the bottom of lakes and oceans etc. hence forming diatomite deposit.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite

Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Quartz, Sand

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide

Ca, NaCl, CaO

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

1 7

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Grain Size

Fine Grained

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Uneven

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Dull

Compressive Strength

150.00 N/mm²-

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

1.1

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.82.3-2.4

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm³2.49-2.51 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.90 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam

Africa

South Africa

Cameroon, Chad, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Europe

England, Finland, United Kingdom

England, France, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom

Others

Antarctica, Greenland

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

Canada, USA

South America

Colombia, Uruguay

Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

Adelaide, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Yorke Peninsula

All about Boninite and Diatomite Properties

Know all about Boninite and Diatomite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Boninite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Diatomite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Boninite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Diatomite is Clastic or Non-Clastic. Boninite appears Dull and Soft and Diatomite appears Soft. The luster of Boninite is vitreous while that of Diatomite is dull. Boninite is available in bluish - grey, brown, green, grey colors whereas Diatomite is available in grey, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Boninite are an oil and gas reservoir, cemetery markers, creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo) and that of Diatomite are alumina refineries, animal feed filler, as a feed additive for livestock, creating artwork, drawing on blackboards, fire resistant, gymnasts, athletes and mountain climbers use for grip, in aquifers, soil conditioner, to ignite fire, used as a filter medium, used as an insecticide, whiting material in toothpaste, paint and paper.