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Blueschist and Tuff


Tuff and Blueschist


Definition

Definition
Blueschist is a metamorphic rock which is generally blue in color and is formed under conditions of high pressure and low temperature   
Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption   

History
  
  

Origin
USA   
Italy   

Discoverer
Edgar Bailey   
Unknown   

Etymology
From French schiste, Greek skhistos i.e. split   
From a Latin word tophous then in Italian tufo and finally tuff   

Class
Metamorphic Rocks   
Igneous Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock   
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Volcanic   

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Foliated   
Clastic, Pyroclastic   

Color
Blue, Bluish - Grey, Purple, Shades of Blue   
Brown, Grey, Yellow   

Maintenance
Less   
More   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
No   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
No   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
No   
No   

Wind Resistant
No   
No   

Acid Resistant
No   
No   

Appearance
Dull and Banded   
Dull, Vesicular and Foilated   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens   
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration   

Exterior Uses
Garden Decoration, Office Buildings   
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone   

Other Architectural Uses
Not Yet Used   
Curbing   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone   
Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture   
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork, Curling, Tombstones   
Creating Artwork   

Types

Types
Not Available   
Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite.   

Features
Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Very fine grained rock   
Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Used   
Used   

Famous Monuments
Data Not Available   
Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean   

Sculpture
Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Used   
Used   

Petroglyphs
Used   
Used   

Figurines
Used   
Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Absent   

Formation

Formation
Blueschist forms due to the metamorphism of basalt and other rocks with similar composition at high pressures and low temperatures and approximately corresponding to a depth of 15 to 30 kilometers and 200 to 500 °C.   
Tuff is formed when large masses of ash and sand which are mixed with hot gases are ejected by a volcano and avalanche rapidly down its slopes.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Albite, Chlorite, Epidote, Garnet, Glaucophane, Lawsonite, Muscovite or Illite, Quartz   
Calcite, Chlorite   

Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide   
Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
No   
Yes   

Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable   
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Mechanical Weathering   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
3.5-4   
4-6   

Grain Size
Fine to Medium Grained   
Fine Grained   

Fracture
Conchoidal   
Uneven   

Streak
White to Grey   
White   

Porosity
Highly Porous   
Highly Porous   

Luster
Dull   
Vitreous to Dull   

Compressive Strength
Not Available   
243.80 N/mm2   
5

Cleavage
Slaty   
Not Available   

Toughness
1.5   
Not Available   

Specific Gravity
3-3.2   
2.73   

Transparency
Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
2.8-2.9 g/cm3   
1-1.8 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
Not Available   
0.20 kJ/Kg K   
25

Resistance
Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant   
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Japan, Turkey   
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen   

Africa
Egypt, Ethiopia, South Africa   
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda   

Europe
France, Greece, Iceland   
France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom   

Others
Not Yet Found   
Antarctica, Hawaii Islands   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA   
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA   

South America
Not Yet Found   
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New Zealand   
Central Australia, Western Australia   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Blueschist and Tuff Properties

Know all about Blueschist and Tuff properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Blueschist belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Tuff belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Blueschist is Foliated whereas that of Tuff is Clastic, Pyroclastic. Blueschist appears Dull and Banded and Tuff appears Dull, Vesicular and Foilated. The luster of Blueschist is dull while that of Tuff is vitreous to dull. Blueschist is available in blue, bluish - grey, purple, shades of blue colors whereas Tuff is available in brown, grey, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Blueschist and Tuff are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, creating artwork, curling, tombstones.

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