Definition
Origin
Discoverer
Etymology
Class
Sub-Class
Group
Other Categories
Texture
Color
Maintenance
Durability
Water Resistant
Scratch Resistant
Stain Resistant
Wind Resistant
Acid Resistant
Appearance
Interior Uses
Exterior Uses
Other Architectural Uses
Construction Industry
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Antiquity Uses
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Types
Features
Monuments
Famous Monuments
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Famous Sculptures
Pictographs
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Figurines
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Formation
Mineral Content
Compound Content
Metamorphism
Types of Metamorphism
Weathering
Types of Weathering
Erosion
Types of Erosion
Hardness
Grain Size
Fracture
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Porosity
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Cleavage
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Specific Gravity
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Density
Specific Heat Capacity
Resistance
Asia
Africa
Europe
Others
North America
South America
Australia
Basalt is a common extrusive igneous rock formed by the rapid cooling of basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of Earth
From Late Latin Basaltes (variant of basanites ), very hard stone, which was imported from Ancient Greek Basanites
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey
Floor Tiles, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens
As Building Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
Arrowheads, As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Cutting Tool, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone
An Oil and Gas Reservoir, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork, Used in aquariums
Alkaline Basalt, Boninite, High Alumina Basalt, Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB), Tholeiitic Basalt, Basaltic trachyandesite, Mugearite and Shoshonite
Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Very fine grained rock
Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean, Gateway of India in Mumbai, India, Gol Gumbaz in Karnataka, India
Basalt forms when lava reaches the Earth's surface near an active volcano. The temperature of lava is between 1100 to 1250° C when it gets to the surface.
Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Lignite is a soft brownish coal which shows traces of plants and is intermediate between bituminous coal and peat
From French, Latin lignum wood + -ite1
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey
for Road Aggregate, Steel Production
Xyloid Lignite or Fossil Wood and Compact Lignite or Perfect Lignite
Generally rough to touch, Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel
Coal formation takes place due to accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. The Coal formation process continues, as peat turns into lignite brown or black coal at increasing heat and pressure.
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria