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Banded iron formation
Banded iron formation

Pegmatite
Pegmatite



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Banded iron formation
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Pegmatite

Banded iron formation vs Pegmatite

Definition

Definition

Banded iron formation are distinctive units of sedimentary rock that are almost always of Precambrian age
Pegmatite rock is a holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is composed of interlocking phaneritic crystals

History

Origin

Western Australia, Minnesota
-

Discoverer

Johann Gottlob Lehmann
R. J. Hauy

Etymology

From its formation process
From Greek pegma, pegmat which means- thing joined together + -ite

Class

Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

-
Plutonic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Banded, Trellis
Pegmatitic

Color

Red, Reddish Brown
Black, Brown, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, Red, Rust, Silver, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny
Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Paving Stone, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing, Whetstones
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Used for flooring, stair treads, borders and window sills.
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts
Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

As a touchstone, Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork
Creating Artwork, Jewelry, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz

Types

Types

Algoma-type , Lake Superior-type, Superior-type and Taconite
Granite Pegmatite, Gabbro Pegmatite and Diorite Pegmatite

Features

Is one of the oldest rock
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Present
Absent

Formation

Formation

The banded iron layers are formed in sea water when oxygen is released by photosynthetic cyano-bacteria. The oxygen then combines with dissolved iron in ocean to form insoluble iron oxides, which precipitated out, forming a thin layer of banded iron formation on ocean floor.
Pegmatite rock is holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is formed by partial melting and dewatering during the process of metamorphism.

Composition

Mineral Content

Hematite, Magnetite, Quartz
Apatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Fluorite, Garnet, Lepidolite, Quartz, Silica, Spodumene, Topaz

Compound Content

Fe, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, Phosphorus Pentoxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

-
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Chemical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5.5-67
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Large and Coarse Grained
Medium to Coarse Grained

Fracture

Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal
Conchoidal

Streak

White
White

Porosity

Highly Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Earthy
Grainy, Pearly and Vitreous

Compressive Strength

220.00 N/mm2178.54 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
Perfect

Toughness

1.5
2.1

Specific Gravity

5.0-5.32.6-2.63
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque
Translucent to Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm32.6-2.65 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

3.20 kJ/Kg K0.79 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam
China, India, Iran, Japan, Nepal, North Korea, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

Africa

Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania
South Africa

Europe

Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom
Austria, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine

Others

Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada

South America

Bolivia, Brazil
Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Banded iron formation vs Pegmatite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Banded iron formation and Pegmatite Reserves. Banded iron formation are distinctive units of sedimentary rock that are almost always of Precambrian age. Pegmatite rock is a holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is composed of interlocking phaneritic crystals. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Banded iron formation vs Pegmatite information and Banded iron formation vs Pegmatite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Banded iron formation vs Pegmatite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Banded iron formation vs Pegmatite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Banded iron formation and Properties of Pegmatite. Learn more about Banded iron formation vs Pegmatite in the next section. The interior uses of Banded iron formation include Decorative aggregates and Homes whereas the interior uses of Pegmatite include Decorative aggregates, Flooring and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Banded iron formation and Pegmatite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Banded iron formation in construction industry include As dimension stone, Used for flooring, stair treads, borders and window sills. and that of Pegmatite include As dimension stone, Building houses or walls, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Landscaping.

More about Banded iron formation and Pegmatite

Here you can know more about Banded iron formation and Pegmatite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Banded iron formation and Pegmatite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Banded iron formation includes Hematite, Magnetite, Quartz and mineral content of Pegmatite includes Apatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Fluorite, Garnet, Lepidolite, Quartz, Silica, Spodumene, Topaz. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Banded iron formation vs Pegmatite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Banded iron formation is available in red, reddish brown colors whereas, Pegmatite is available in black, brown, cream, green, grey, pink, red, rust, silver, white, yellow colors. Appearance of Banded iron formation is Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny and that of Pegmatite is Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny. Properties of rock is another aspect for Banded iron formation vs Pegmatite. The hardness of Banded iron formation is 5.5-6 and that of Pegmatite is 7. The types of Banded iron formation are Algoma-type , Lake Superior-type, Superior-type and Taconite whereas types of Pegmatite are Granite Pegmatite, Gabbro Pegmatite and Diorite Pegmatite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Banded iron formation and Pegmatite is white. The specific heat capacity of Banded iron formation is 3.20 kJ/Kg K and that of Pegmatite is 0.79 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Banded iron formation is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Pegmatite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.