Banded iron formation

Oolite

Banded iron formation and Oolite

Banded iron formation

Oolite

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Definition

Banded iron formation are distinctive units of sedimentary rock that are almost always of Precambrian age

Oolite is a sedimentary rock formed from ooids, spherical grains which are composed of concentric layers of calcite

History

Origin

Western Australia, Minnesota

Discoverer

Johann Gottlob Lehmann

William Smith

Etymology

From its formation process

From oo- + -lite, after German Oolit. A rock consisting of fine grains of carbonate of lime

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Banded, Trellis

Clastic or Non-Clastic

Color

Red, Reddish Brown

Black, Blue, Brown, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, Red, Silver, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny

Rounded and Rough

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Paving Stone, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing, Whetstones

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Used for flooring, stair treads, borders and window sills.

Cement Manufacture, Cobblestones, Landscaping

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

As a touchstone, Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Creating Artwork, Jewelry, Used in aquariums

Types

Algoma-type , Lake Superior-type, Superior-type and Taconite

Pisolitic Oolite and Oncolitic Oolite

Features

Is one of the oldest rock

Available in lots of colors, Generally rough to touch, Very fine grained rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Formation

The banded iron layers are formed in sea water when oxygen is released by photosynthetic cyano-bacteria. The oxygen then combines with dissolved iron in ocean to form insoluble iron oxides, which precipitated out, forming a thin layer of banded iron formation on ocean floor.

Oolites form when layers of calcite are deposited around a sand grain or fossil piece and are rolled around in calm water, which makes them round.

Composition

Mineral Content

Hematite, Magnetite, Quartz

Calcite, Chert, Clay, Dolomite, Quartz, Sand, Silt

Compound Content

Fe, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Aluminium Oxide, Ca, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, MgO

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Chemical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5.5-63-4

1 7

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Grain Size

Large and Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Earthy

Pearly to Shiny

Compressive Strength

220.00 N/mm²40.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

1.5

Specific Gravity

5.0-5.3-9999

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque

Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm³-9999 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

3.20 kJ/Kg K0.65 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam

Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam

Africa

Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

Cameroon, Chad, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Europe

Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom

United Kingdom

Others

Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA

USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil

Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Adelaide, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Yorke Peninsula

All about Banded iron formation and Oolite Properties

Know all about Banded iron formation and Oolite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Banded iron formation and Oolite belong to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Banded iron formation is Banded, Trellis whereas that of Oolite is Clastic or Non-Clastic. Banded iron formation appears Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny and Oolite appears Rounded and Rough. The luster of Banded iron formation is earthy while that of Oolite is pearly to shiny. Banded iron formation is available in red, reddish brown colors whereas Oolite is available in black, blue, brown, cream, green, grey, pink, red, silver, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Banded iron formation are as a touchstone, cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Oolite are creating artwork, jewelry, used in aquariums.