Banded iron formation

Eclogite

Banded iron formation and Eclogite

Banded iron formation

Eclogite

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Definition

Banded iron formation are distinctive units of sedimentary rock that are almost always of Precambrian age

Eclogite is an extreme metamorphic rock, formed by regional metamorphism of basalt rock under very high pressure and temperature

History

Origin

Western Australia, Minnesota

Discoverer

Johann Gottlob Lehmann

René Just Haüy

Etymology

From its formation process

From French, Greek eklogē selection with reference to the selective content of the rock + -ite1

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Banded, Trellis

Earthy

Color

Red, Reddish Brown

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny

Dull, Banded and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Paving Stone, Office Buildings

Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing, Whetstones

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Used for flooring, stair treads, borders and window sills.

Medical Industry

In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Medicines and Cosmetics

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

As a touchstone, Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Creating Artwork, Gemstone

Types

Algoma-type , Lake Superior-type, Superior-type and Taconite

Eclogite

Features

Is one of the oldest rock

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Absent

Formation

The banded iron layers are formed in sea water when oxygen is released by photosynthetic cyano-bacteria. The oxygen then combines with dissolved iron in ocean to form insoluble iron oxides, which precipitated out, forming a thin layer of banded iron formation on ocean floor.

Eclogite forms from high-pressure metamorphism of mafic igneous rocks mainly, basalt or gabbro as it plunges into the mantle in a subduction zone.

Composition

Mineral Content

Hematite, Magnetite, Quartz

Amphibole, Coesite, Corundum, Dolomite, Garnet, Kyanite, Lawsonite, Paragonite, Phengite, Pyroxene, Quartz, Rutile, Zoisite

Compound Content

Fe, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Potassium, Sodium

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Chemical Weathering

Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5.5-63.5-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Large and Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Earthy

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

220.00 N/mm²200.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

1.5

Specific Gravity

5.0-5.32.86-2.87

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque

Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm³3.2-3.6 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

3.20 kJ/Kg K0.75 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam

India, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Russia, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey

Africa

Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

Ethiopia, Morocco, South Africa

Europe

Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom

France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Scotland

Others

Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Greenland

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA

Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil

Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Central Australia, New Zealand, Queensland

All about Banded iron formation and Eclogite Properties

Know all about Banded iron formation and Eclogite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Banded iron formation belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Eclogite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Banded iron formation is Banded, Trellis whereas that of Eclogite is Earthy. Banded iron formation appears Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny and Eclogite appears Dull, Banded and Foilated. The luster of Banded iron formation is earthy while that of Eclogite is subvitreous to dull. Banded iron formation is available in red, reddish brown colors whereas Eclogite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Banded iron formation are as a touchstone, cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Eclogite are creating artwork, gemstone.