Argillite

Tephrite

Argillite and Tephrite

Argillite

Tephrite

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Definition

Argillites are highly compact sedimentary or slightly metamorphosed rocks that consist largely or wholly of particles of clay or silt but lack the fissility of shale or the cleavage characteristic of slate

Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock

History

Origin

Germany

Discoverer

Unknown

Van Tooren

Etymology

From Latin Argilla (clay) and -ite in English which became agrilla+ -ite = Argillite

From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Clastic, Polished

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Dark Grey to Black, Pink, Red, White

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Rough and Dull

Vesicular

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing, Whetstones

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Used for flooring, stair treads, borders and window sills.

Landscaping

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Fire resistant, Used to manufracture paperweights and bookends

Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner

Types

Metamorphic rock

Igneous rock

Features

Is one of the oldest rock

Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Absent

Formation

An argillite is a fine-grained sedimentary rock mainly composed of clay particles which forms from lithified muds which contain variable amounts of silt-sized particles.

Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyrite, Quartz

Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Compound Content

Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-36.5

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal to Uneven

Uneven

Streak

White to Grey

Bluish Black

Porosity

Highly Porous

Very Less Porous

Luster

Waxy and Dull

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

-90.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Slaty

Crenulation and Pervasive

Toughness

2.6

2.4

Specific Gravity

2.56-2.682.86

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.54-2.66 g/cm³2.8-2.9 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.87 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, China, India, Russia

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

Namibia, Uganda

Europe

Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

South America

Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Argillite and Tephrite Properties

Know all about Argillite and Tephrite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Argillite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Tephrite belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Argillite is Clastic, Polished whereas that of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic. Argillite appears Rough and Dull and Tephrite appears Vesicular. The luster of Argillite is waxy and dull while that of Tephrite is subvitreous to dull. Argillite is available in dark grey to black, pink, red, white colors whereas Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Argillite are fire resistant, used to manufracture paperweights and bookends and that of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner.