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Anthracite and Whiteschist


Whiteschist and Anthracite


Definition

Definition
Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster   
Whiteschist is an uncommon rock type belonging to a class of metamorphic rock, this is formed at high-ultra-high pressures   

History
  
  

Origin
Pennsylvania, U.S.   
Tasmania   

Discoverer
Unknown   
Unknown   

Etymology
From Greek anthrakites, from anthrax, anthrak meaning coal   
From French schiste, Greek skhistos i.e. split   

Class
Metamorphic Rocks   
Metamorphic Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Soft Rock   
Durable Rock, Soft Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Not Applicable   

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Amorphous, Glassy   
Foliated   

Color
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey   
Colourless, Green, Grey, White   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
No   
No   

Scratch Resistant
No   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
No   
Yes   

Wind Resistant
No   
No   

Acid Resistant
No   
No   

Appearance
Veined or Pebbled   
Banded and Foilated   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Not Yet Used   
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration   

Exterior Uses
Not Yet Used   
Garden Decoration, Paving Stone   

Other Architectural Uses
Not Yet Used   
Curbing   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production   
for Road Aggregate   

Medical Industry
In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Manufacture of Aspirins   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Not Yet Used   
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry   
Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Production of Lime   

Types

Types
Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite   
Not Available   

Features
Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel   
High percentage of mica, Host Rock for Lead   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Famous Monuments
Not Applicable   
Data Not Available   

Sculpture
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Used   
Used   

Petroglyphs
Used   
Used   

Figurines
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Absent   

Formation

Formation
Anthracite forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp, the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay.   
Whiteschist is formed by dynamic metamorphism at high temperatures and pressures that aligns the grains of mica, hornblende and other elongated minerals into thin layers.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals   
Carbonate, Coesite, Quartz, Silica   

Compound Content
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur   
CaO, Mg, MgO, Silicon Dioxide   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes   
No   

Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism   
Not Applicable   

Weathering
No   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Not Applicable   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   

Erosion
No   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Not Applicable   
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
1-1.5   
1.5   

Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained   
Fine to Medium Grained   

Fracture
Conchoidal   
Conchoidal   

Streak
Black   
White   

Porosity
Less Porous   
Less Porous   

Luster
Shiny   
Subvitreous to Dull   

Compressive Strength
Not Available   
200.00 N/mm2   
10

Cleavage
Non-Existent   
Perfect   

Toughness
Not Available   
1   

Specific Gravity
1.1-1.4   
2.86   

Transparency
Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
1.25-2.5 g/cm3   
2.8-2.9 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
1.32 kJ/Kg K   
4
0.92 kJ/Kg K   
10

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Water Resistant   
Heat Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam   
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Russia, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam   

Africa
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania   
Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa   

Europe
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom   
Austria, England, France, Georgia, Germany, Italy, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Norway, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland   

Others
Not Yet Found   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, Mexico, USA   
Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, USA   

South America
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela   
Brazil, Colombia, Guyana   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria   
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Anthracite and Whiteschist Properties

Know all about Anthracite and Whiteschist properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Anthracite and Whiteschist belong to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Anthracite is Amorphous, Glassy whereas that of Whiteschist is Foliated. Anthracite appears Veined or Pebbled and Whiteschist appears Banded and Foilated. The luster of Anthracite is shiny while that of Whiteschist is subvitreous to dull. Anthracite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors whereas Whiteschist is available in colourless, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Anthracite are alumina refineries, electricity generation, liquid fuel, manufacture of soap, solvents, dyes, plastics and fibres, paper industry and that of Whiteschist are creating artwork, gemstone, jewelry, production of lime.

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