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Andesite
Andesite

Ignimbrite
Ignimbrite



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Andesite
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Ignimbrite

Andesite vs Ignimbrite

Definition

Definition

Andesite is a dark, fine-grained, brown or greyish intermediate volcanic rock which is a commonly found in lava
Ignimbrite is a volcanic rock consisting mainly of pumice fragments, formed by the consolidation of material deposited by pyroclastic flows

History

Origin

North America
New Zealand

Discoverer

Theodor von Gümbel
Patrick Marshall

Etymology

From Andes mountains, where it is found in abundance
From Latin ignis fire + imber, imbr- shower of rain, storm cloud + -ite

Class

Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic
Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic
Aphanitic

Color

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow
Beige, Black, Brown, Grey, Pink, White

Maintenance

More
More

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull and Soft
Dull, Vesicular and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens
Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Icelandite
Pyroclastic rock

Features

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock
Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

Middle of the Earth in Ecuador
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Andesite is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms when the magma is erupted onto the surface and is crystallized quickly.
Ignimbrites are formed from very poorly sorted mixture of volcanic ash or tuff and pumice lapilli, commonly with scattered lithic fragments.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Zircon
Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide
Ca, NaCl

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

74-6
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained
Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven
Uneven

Streak

White
White

Porosity

Less Porous
Highly Porous

Luster

Vitreous
Vitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm2243.80 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
-

Toughness

1.1
-

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.82.73
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.11-2.36 g/cm31-1.8 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

2.39 kJ/Kg K0.20 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda

Europe

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom
France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom

Others

-
Antarctica, Hawaii Islands

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Mexico, USA
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia

Andesite vs Ignimbrite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Andesite and Ignimbrite Reserves. Andesite is a dark, fine-grained, brown or greyish intermediate volcanic rock which is a commonly found in lava. Ignimbrite is a volcanic rock consisting mainly of pumice fragments, formed by the consolidation of material deposited by pyroclastic flows. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Andesite vs Ignimbrite information and Andesite vs Ignimbrite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Andesite vs Ignimbrite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Andesite vs Ignimbrite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Andesite and Properties of Ignimbrite. Learn more about Andesite vs Ignimbrite in the next section. The interior uses of Andesite include Decorative aggregates, Floor tiles, Homes, Interior decoration and Kitchens whereas the interior uses of Ignimbrite include Decorative aggregates, Floor tiles, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Andesite and Ignimbrite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Andesite in construction industry include Cobblestones, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate and that of Ignimbrite include Building houses or walls, Construction aggregate.

More about Andesite and Ignimbrite

Here you can know more about Andesite and Ignimbrite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Andesite and Ignimbrite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Andesite includes Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Zircon and mineral content of Ignimbrite includes Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Andesite vs Ignimbrite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Andesite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors whereas, Ignimbrite is available in beige, black, brown, grey, pink, white colors. Appearance of Andesite is Dull and Soft and that of Ignimbrite is Dull, Vesicular and Foilated. Properties of rock is another aspect for Andesite vs Ignimbrite. The hardness of Andesite is 7 and that of Ignimbrite is 4-6. The types of Andesite are Icelandite whereas types of Ignimbrite are Pyroclastic rock. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Andesite and Ignimbrite is white. The specific heat capacity of Andesite is 2.39 kJ/Kg K and that of Ignimbrite is 0.20 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Andesite is heat resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Ignimbrite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.