Andesite

Tephrite

Andesite and Tephrite

Andesite

Tephrite

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Definition

Andesite is a dark, fine-grained, brown or greyish intermediate volcanic rock which is a commonly found in lava

Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock

History

Origin

North America

Germany

Discoverer

Theodor von Gümbel

Van Tooren

Etymology

From Andes mountains, where it is found in abundance

From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Soft

Vesicular

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Landscaping

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner

Types

Icelandite

Igneous rock

Features

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Middle of the Earth in Ecuador

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Andesite is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms when the magma is erupted onto the surface and is crystallized quickly.

Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Zircon

Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

76.5

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Streak

White

Bluish Black

Porosity

Less Porous

Very Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm²90.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Crenulation and Pervasive

Toughness

1.1

2.4

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.82.86

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.11-2.36 g/cm³2.8-2.9 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

2.39 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Namibia, Uganda

Europe

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Mexico, USA

USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Andesite and Tephrite Properties

Know all about Andesite and Tephrite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Andesite and Tephrite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Andesite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic. Andesite appears Dull and Soft and Tephrite appears Vesicular. The luster of Andesite is vitreous while that of Tephrite is subvitreous to dull. Andesite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors whereas Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Andesite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner.