Andesite

Serpentinite

Andesite and Serpentinite

Andesite

Serpentinite

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Definition

Andesite is a dark, fine-grained, brown or greyish intermediate volcanic rock which is a commonly found in lava

A hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic rock from the Earth's mantle is called as serpentinization, a group of minerals is formed by serpentinization compose rock 'serpentinite'.

History

Origin

North America

USA

Discoverer

Theodor von Gümbel

Unknown

Etymology

From Andes mountains, where it is found in abundance

From English word serpentinization.

Class

Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Earthy

Color

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Soft

Rough and Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

As Building Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Icelandite

Jadeitite

Features

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Middle of the Earth in Ecuador

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Andesite is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms when the magma is erupted onto the surface and is crystallized quickly.

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Serpentinite is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Zircon

Carbonate, Magnetite, Pyrrhotite, Serpentine, Sulfides

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide

Ca, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, KCl, MgO, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

73-5

1 7

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Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Uneven

Streak

White

White, Greenish White or Grey

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Waxy and Dull

Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm²310.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

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Cleavage

Toughness

1.1

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.82.79-3

0 8.4

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Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.11-2.36 g/cm³2.5-3 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

2.39 kJ/Kg K0.95 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

India, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Ethiopia, Western Africa

Europe

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

England, Georgia, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Mexico, USA

Canada

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

Central Australia, New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Andesite and Serpentinite Properties

Know all about Andesite and Serpentinite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Andesite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Serpentinite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Andesite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Serpentinite is Earthy. Andesite appears Dull and Soft and Serpentinite appears Rough and Dull. The luster of Andesite is vitreous while that of Serpentinite is waxy and dull. Andesite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors whereas Serpentinite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Andesite and Serpentinite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork.