Andesite

Scoria

Andesite and Scoria

Andesite

Scoria

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Definition

Andesite is a dark, fine-grained, brown or greyish intermediate volcanic rock which is a commonly found in lava

Scoria is a dark-colored extrusive igneous rock with abundant round bubble-like cavities

History

Origin

North America

Discoverer

Theodor von Gümbel

Unknown

Etymology

From Andes mountains, where it is found in abundance

From late Middle English (denoting slag from molten metal), from Greek skōria refuse, from skōr dung

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Vesicular

Color

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Black, Brown, Dark Grey to Black, Red

Maintenance

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Soft

Glassy and Vesicular

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, In landscaping and drainage works

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

As a traction material on snow-covered roads, Creating Artwork, High-temperature insulation, In gas barbecue grills

Types

Icelandite

Basaltic Scoria and Andesitic Scoria

Features

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Surfaces are often shiny

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Middle of the Earth in Ecuador

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Andesite is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms when the magma is erupted onto the surface and is crystallized quickly.

Scoria forms when magma containing huge amount of dissolved gas flows from a volcano during an eruption.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Zircon

Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silica

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide

Ca, NaCl

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

75-6

1 7

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Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm²70.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

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Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

1.1

2.1

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.8-9999

0 8.4

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Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.11-2.36 g/cm³-9999 g/cm³

0 1400

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Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

2.39 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania

Europe

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Mexico, USA

Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Andesite and Scoria Properties

Know all about Andesite and Scoria properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Andesite and Scoria belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Andesite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Scoria is Vesicular. Andesite appears Dull and Soft and Scoria appears Glassy and Vesicular. The luster of Andesite is vitreous while that of Scoria is subvitreous to dull. Andesite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors whereas Scoria is available in black, brown, dark grey to black, red colors. The commercial uses of Andesite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Scoria are as a traction material on snow-covered roads, creating artwork, high-temperature insulation, in gas barbecue grills.