Andesite

Mudstone

Andesite and Mudstone

Andesite

Mudstone

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Definition

Andesite is a dark, fine-grained, brown or greyish intermediate volcanic rock which is a commonly found in lava

Mudstone is a fine-grained, dark gray sedimentary rock, which is formed from silt and clay and is similar to shale but has less laminations

History

Origin

North America

Discoverer

Theodor von Gümbel

William Smith

Etymology

From Andes mountains, where it is found in abundance

From the English mud and stone, from low German mudde and stainaz

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Clastic

Color

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Grey, Orange, Red, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Soft

Rough and Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Roof Tiles

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Creating Artwork, Pottery

Types

Icelandite

Marl, Shale and Argillite

Features

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Middle of the Earth in Ecuador

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Present

Formation

Andesite is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms when the magma is erupted onto the surface and is crystallized quickly.

Mudstone forms when very fine-grained clay particles are deposited in water which settle at the bottom of water bodies. They are buried and compacted by overlying sediment hence forming mudstone.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Zircon

Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyrite, Quartz

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

72-3

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Uneven

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Dull

Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm²25.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

1.1

2.6

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.82.2-2.8

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.11-2.36 g/cm³2.4-2.8 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

2.39 kJ/Kg K0.39 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

Bangladesh, China, India, Russia

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Mexico, USA

USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

All about Andesite and Mudstone Properties

Know all about Andesite and Mudstone properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Andesite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Mudstone belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Andesite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Mudstone is Clastic. Andesite appears Dull and Soft and Mudstone appears Rough and Dull. The luster of Andesite is vitreous while that of Mudstone is dull. Andesite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors whereas Mudstone is available in black, blue, brown, green, grey, orange, red, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Andesite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Mudstone are creating artwork, pottery.