Andesite

Cataclasite

Andesite and Cataclasite

Andesite

Cataclasite

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Definition

Andesite is a dark, fine-grained, brown or greyish intermediate volcanic rock which is a commonly found in lava

Cataclasite is a type of cataclastic rock that is formed by fracturing and comminution during faulting. It is normally cohesive and non-foliated, consisting of angular clasts in a finer-grained matrix

History

Origin

North America

Swiss Alps, Europe

Discoverer

Theodor von Gümbel

Michael Tellinger

Etymology

From Andes mountains, where it is found in abundance

From the Italian word cataclasi

Class

Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Clastic

Color

Bluish - Grey, Grey, Pink, Yellow

Brown, Green, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Soft

Dull and Banded

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Homes, Interior Decoration, Kitchens

Decorative Aggregates, Homes

Exterior Uses

Office Buildings, Roof Tiles

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Icelandite

Protocataclasite, Mesocataclasite, Ultracataclasite and Foliated cataclasite

Features

Generally rough to touch, High silica content, Is one of the oldest rock

Easily splits into thin plates, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Middle of the Earth in Ecuador

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Andesite is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms when the magma is erupted onto the surface and is crystallized quickly.

Cataclasiste rocks mainly form by pressure deep under the Earth's surface, from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Zircon

Albite, Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyroxene, Quartz

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

73-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven

Streak

White

Black

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Compressive Strength

225.00 N/mm²50.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

1.1

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.82.1

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Translucent to Opaque

Density

2.11-2.36 g/cm³2.9-3.1 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

2.39 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, South Korea

China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania

Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, South Africa

Europe

Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, United Kingdom

England, Finland, France, Spain, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Mexico, USA

Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Argentina, Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Andesite and Cataclasite Properties

Know all about Andesite and Cataclasite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Andesite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Cataclasite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Andesite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Cataclasite is Clastic. Andesite appears Dull and Soft and Cataclasite appears Dull and Banded. The luster of Andesite and Cataclasite is vitreous. Andesite is available in bluish - grey, grey, pink, yellow colors whereas Cataclasite is available in brown, green, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Andesite and Cataclasite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork.