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Tonalite and Turbidite


Turbidite and Tonalite


Definition

Definition
Tonalite is a coarse-grained plutonic rock consisting mainly of sodic plagioclase, quartz, and hornblende or other mafic minerals with phaneritic texture   
A sedimentary rock, deposit of a submarine turbidity currents and are composed of layered particles   

History
  
  

Origin
Tonale, Italy   
European Foreland Basins   

Discoverer
Unknown   
Arnold H. Bouma   

Etymology
From Tonale Pass, northern Italy, + -ite1   
From Medieval Latin turbiditas, from Latin turbidus (turbid). Turbidity current is from 1939   

Class
Igneous Rocks   
Sedimentary Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   
Durable Rock, Soft Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Plutonic   
Not Applicable   

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Phaneritic   
Mud-rich, Sandy   

Color
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey, White   
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, Pink   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
Yes   
No   

Wind Resistant
No   
Yes   

Acid Resistant
Yes   
No   

Appearance
Banded and Foilated   
Dull and Banded   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration   
Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration   

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings   
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration   

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing   
Curbing   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Cobblestones, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate   
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Sculpture   
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork   
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork   

Types

Types
Dacite   
Not Available   

Features
Is one of the oldest rock, Typically speckled black and white.   
High silica content, Host Rock for Lead   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Famous Monuments
Not Applicable   
Data Not Available   

Sculpture
Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Not Used   
Used   

Petroglyphs
Not Used   
Used   

Figurines
Used   
Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Present   

Formation

Formation
When alkali feldspar is extracted from granite, it changes to granitoid and later, it becomes tonalite with quartz as major mineral.   
Turbidite is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock as it flows. These particles then settle down and are subjected to high temperature and pressures hence forming Turbidite.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Albite, Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Manganese Oxides, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Titanite, Zircon   
Coesite, Quartz, Sand   

Compound Content
NaCl, CaO, MgO, Silicon Dioxide   
CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes   
No   

Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism   
Not Applicable   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Wind Erosion   
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
6-7   
3   

Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained   
Fine to Coarse Grained   

Fracture
Conchoidal   
Splintery   

Streak
Bluish Black   
White, Greenish White or Grey   

Porosity
Very Less Porous   
Very Less Porous   

Luster
Subvitreous to Dull   
Metallic   

Compressive Strength
Not Available   
200.00 N/mm2   
10

Cleavage
Not Available   
Disjunctive   

Toughness
2.1   
2.4   

Specific Gravity
2.86-3   
2.46-2.73   

Transparency
Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
2.73 g/cm3   
1.6-2.5 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.92 kJ/Kg K   
10
0.92 kJ/Kg K   
10

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Water Resistant   
Heat Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Not Yet Found   
Not Yet Found   

Africa
Egypt   
Western Africa   

Europe
Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Sweden, Turkey   
Austria, Belarus, Romania, Switzerland, United Kingdom   

Others
Not Yet Found   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA   
Canada, USA   

South America
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru   
Brazil, Colombia   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia   
New Zealand, Western Australia   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Tonalite and Turbidite Properties

Know all about Tonalite and Turbidite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tonalite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Turbidite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Tonalite is Phaneritic whereas that of Turbidite is Mud-rich, Sandy. Tonalite appears Banded and Foilated and Turbidite appears Dull and Banded. The luster of Tonalite is subvitreous to dull while that of Turbidite is metallic. Tonalite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey, white colors whereas Turbidite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, pink colors. The commercial uses of Tonalite and Turbidite are cemetery markers, creating artwork.

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