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Basanite  and Migmatite


Migmatite and Basanite 


Definition

Definition
Basanite is a black basaltic rock which mainly contains plagioclase, augite, olivine and nepheline and is formerly used as a touchstone  
Migmatite is typically a granitic rock within a metamorphic host rock which is composed of two intermingled but distinguishable components  

History
  
  

Origin
-  
Southern Alps, France  

Discoverer
Unknown  
Jakob Sederholm  

Etymology
From Latin basanites + -ite  
From the Greek word migma which means a mixture  

Class
Igneous Rocks  
Metamorphic Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
-  
-  

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Aphanitic to Porphyritic  
Foliated  

Color
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White  
Black, Bluish - Grey, Brown, Brown- Black, Dark Greenish - Grey, Dark Grey to Black  

Maintenance
Less  
More  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
Yes  
No  

Wind Resistant
Yes  
No  

Acid Resistant
Yes  
No  

Appearance
Glassy or Pearly  
Dull, Banded and Foilated  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes  
Countertops, Flooring, Kitchens  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone  

Other Architectural Uses
Whetstones  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points  
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments  
Artifacts  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
As a touchstone, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Manufacture of tools, Metallurgical Flux, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms  
Cemetery Markers, Jewelry, Tombstones, Used to manufracture paperweights and bookends  

Types

Types
Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite  
Diatexites and Metatexites  

Features
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Used as a touchstone  
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Absent  

Formation

Formation
Basanite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes.  
Migmatites form by high temperature regional and thermal metamorphism of protolith rocks where rocks melt partially due to high temperature.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase  
Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Garnet, Graphite, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Quartz, Quartzite, Silica, Zircon  

Compound Content
Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide  
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, MnO, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  

Weathering
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Weathering
Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion  
Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
7  
5.5-6.5  

Grain Size
Fine Grained  
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained  

Fracture
Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal  
Irregular  

Streak
White  
White  

Porosity
Highly Porous  
Very Less Porous  

Luster
Waxy and Dull  
Dull to Pearly to Subvitreous  

Compressive Strength
100.00 N/mm2  
29
120.00 N/mm2  
26

Cleavage
-  
-  

Toughness
1.5  
1.2  

Specific Gravity
2.5-2.8  
2.65-2.75  

Transparency
Translucent to Opaque  
Opaque  

Density
2.7 g/cm3  
-9999 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.74 kJ/Kg K  
21
0.79 kJ/Kg K  
17

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
-  
China, India, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia  

Africa
Uganda  
Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Tanzania, Togo  

Europe
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain  
Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Monaco, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom  

Others
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge  
-  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA  
Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, USA  

South America
Bolivia, Brazil  
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia  
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria  

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Basanite  and Migmatite Properties

Know all about Basanite  and Migmatite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Basanite  belongs to Igneous Rocks while Migmatite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Basanite  is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Migmatite is Foliated. Basanite  appears Glassy or Pearly and Migmatite appears Dull, Banded and Foilated. The luster of Basanite  is waxy and dull while that of Migmatite is dull to pearly to subvitreous. Basanite  is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors whereas Migmatite is available in black, bluish - grey, brown, brown- black, dark greenish - grey, dark grey to black colors. The commercial uses of Basanite  are as a touchstone, creating artwork, gemstone, in fire-starting tools, manufacture of tools, metallurgical flux, jewelry, to ignite fire, used in flintlock firearms and that of Migmatite are cemetery markers, jewelry, tombstones, used to manufracture paperweights and bookends.

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